1 / 28

Beyond Tonality

Beyond Tonality. Expressionism & Schoenberg. Expressionism 1910-1939 “A theory or practice in art of seeking to depict the artist’s subjective responses to objects and events” M-W Fascination with inner feelings Centered in Vienna Freud, Schnitzler, Klimt Schoenberg, Berg, Webern

pules
Download Presentation

Beyond Tonality

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Beyond Tonality

  2. Expressionism & Schoenberg • Expressionism 1910-1939 • “A theory or practice in art of seeking to depict the artist’s subjective responses to objects and events” M-W • Fascination with inner feelings • Centered in Vienna • Freud, Schnitzler, Klimt • Schoenberg, Berg, Webern • Concentrated on anguish, insanity, fear, hatred, death • A reaction against Impressionism

  3. The Second Viennese School • Arnold Schoenberg (1874 - 1951) • Atonal • Expressionism • 12 - tone music • Sprechstimme

  4. Arnold Schoenberg 1874-1951 • One of the most radically innovative composers of the century • Only musical training was on violin • Began composing at age 8 • Romantic style until he was 25 • Believed tonality had outlived its usefulness • Atonality = without key center • “Five Pieces for Orchestra”

  5. Arnold Schoenberg • Not well received • Developed the 12-tone system • A system of structure • Composer uses all the notes • Uses the notes in a strict order • Must follow this order throughout the piece • Taught at the Academy of Arts in Berlin from 1926 - 1933

  6. Schoenberg • Compositions on Jewish themes • Jacob’s Ladder 1922 • Moses and Aaron 1938 • Survivor from Warsaw 1947 • Moved to the United States in 1933 • Taught at UCLA • Died in 1951 • His music was not performed very much • Difficult and inaccessible

  7. Schoenberg • Influenced • Berg and Webern • His 12 - tone system affected an entire generation of composers • Regarded as one of the most important composers of the 20th century

  8. Schoenberg’s Music • Three periods • Early • Atonal • 12 - tone • Early period 1890s - 1907 • Late Romantic style • Verklarte Nacht

  9. Schoenberg’s Music • Atonal Period 1908 - 1915 • Pierrot Lunaire • Five Pieces for Orchestra • 12 - tone Period 1923 - 1951 • Moses and Aaron

  10. Five Pieces for Orchestra, Op. 16 • Five publications by Schoenberg • Original - 1912 • two-piano score by Webern - 1913 • Chamber ensemble by Schoenberg • New, revised full orchestra score of 1922 • New edition for normal orchestra - 1949, pub. 1952

  11. Five Pieces for Orchestra, Op. 16 • This is the original score • I. Premonitions (everybody has those) • II. The Past (everybody has that, too) • III. Chord-Colors (technical) • IV. Peripetia (general enough, I think) • V . The Obbligato (perhaps better the “fully-developed” or the “endless”) Recitative

  12. Bach-Schoenberg:Prelude and Fugue in E-flat Major “St. Anne”

  13. Schoenberg’s Students • Alban Berg • 1885 - 1935 (died of an infected insect bite) • Anton Webern • 1883 - 1945 (shot by a nervous American soldier) • About 10 years younger • Studied with Schoenberg in their late teens

  14. Bela Bartok 1881 - 1945

  15. Bela Bartok • 1881 - 1945 • folk music • the American years • Music for Strings, Percussion, and Celesta

  16. Bela Bartok 1881 - 1945 • A pianist • Toured Eastern Europe, Turkey, North Africa • Published 2000 tunes • Refused to play in Germany • Emigrated to the U.S. in 1940 • Worked for the Folk Music Collection at Columbia University

  17. Bela Bartok • Unrecognized in the United States • Wrote no new music for several years • 1943 - commissioned by the Boston Symphony Orchestra and wrote the Concerto for Orchestra

  18. Bartok the Ethnomusicologist, Pianist, and Composer • Many compositions are colored by the native music of Eastern Europe • The piano is featured in many of his works • Composed a long series of graded works called Mikrokosmos • His most profound works are his string quartets

  19. Concerto for Orchestra • Introduction • Game of the Pairs • Elegy • Intermezzo interrotto • Finale

  20. Dmitri Shostakovich 1906 - 1975

  21. Benjamin Britten 1913 - 1976

  22. Other National Schools • France • Les Six • Darius Milhaud (1892 - 1974) • The Creation of the World • Arthur Honegger (1892 - 1955) • Pacific 231 • Germaine Tailleferre (1892 - 1983) • Marchand d'Oiseaux, 1923 • Francis Poulenc (1899 - 1963) • Dialogues of the Carmelites • Georges Auric (1899 - 1983) • Les Mariès de la Tour Eiffel • Louis Durey (1888 - 1979) • Le Bestiaire (Guillaume Apollinaire) Op 17a

  23. Les Six(without Durey) • Taileferre • Milhaud • Honegger • Auric • Poulenc • Cocteau • Meyer • Wiener

  24. Russia • Sergei Rachmaninoff (1873 - 1943) • 2nd Piano Concerto • Alexander Scriabin (1872 - 1915) • Poem of Fire • Sergei Prokofiev (1891 - 1953) • Peter and the Wolf • Dimitri Shostakovich (1906 - 1975) • 15 Symphonies

  25. England • Ralph Vaughn Williams (1872 - 1958) • Fantasia on Greensleeves • Benjamin Britten (1913 - 1976) • Peter Grimes

  26. Germany • Paul Hindemith (1895 - 1963) • Mathis der Maler • Carl Orff (1895 - 1982) • Carmina Burana • Kurt Weill (1900 - 1950) • The Three - Penny Opera

  27. Hungary • Zoltan Kodaly (1882 - 1967) • Harry Janos • Czechoslovakia • Leos Janacek (1855 - 1928) • Jenufa • Spain • Isaac Albeniz (1860 - 1909) • Suite Iberia • Enrique Granados (1867 - 1916) • Goyescas • Manuel de Falla (1876 - 1946) • The Three - Cornered Hat

  28. Other National Schools • Finland • Jean Sibelius (1865 - 1957) • Finlandia • Denmark • Carl Nielsen (1865 - 1931) • 6 Symphonies • Switzerland • Ernest Bloch (1880 - 1959) • Schelomo

More Related