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Chapter Vi

Chapter Vi. Matter Changes and Chemical Reaction. Learning Objective After learning this unit, you are expected to able to: Summarize the pysical and chemical changes based on simple experiments Identify chemical reaction through simple experiments. Phisical Changes. AND.

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Chapter Vi

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  1. Chapter Vi Matter Changes and Chemical Reaction

  2. Learning Objective • After learning this unit, you are expected to able to: • Summarize the pysical and chemical changes based on simple experiments • Identify chemical reaction through simple experiments

  3. Phisical Changes AND Chemical Changes

  4. A. Physical Changes Physical changes : a change which doesn’t changes the stack of matter shaper particles or it doesn’t produce a new substances. Examples : Evaporated water, Melted ice, and sugar which is dissolved on glass.

  5. a. Physical Changes Caused by Temperature Changes Physical Changes Caused by Temperature Changes can happen caused increase temperature and decrease temperature. Examples : Boiling water will be evaporated, freezing water will be condensed, and go back to its liquid forms.

  6. b. Physical Changes Caused by Pressure or Mechanical Treatment Physical Changes can also happen because of the pressure or the mechanical treatment. Examples : Potatoes that are chopped into small pieces or rice which are pounded into flour.

  7. c. Physical Changes Caused by Mixing Substance Mixing of non-reactive substances is also able to cause a physical change. Those mixed substance can be separated again. Example : Sulfur and iron powder may form heterogeneous mixtures.

  8. d. Physical Changes Caused by Electricity Physical changes also may occure if electrical current is passed to a substance. (Click for go) 1.Electrical equipment become hot 2.Flares up a light bulb 3.Transforms iron into magnet.

  9. Flares Up A Light Bulb Electricity can also produce light. Example : Flares up a light bulb. Back to physical changes caused by electricity

  10. Electrical equipment become hot Electricity can cause an object become hot. Example : the heating element in an iron or kettle becomes very hot when electricity is supplied to them. Click for Back to physical changes caused by electricity

  11. Transforms Iron Into Magnet Magnetic effect could be emerged if we supply an iron with electricity. If electricity is supplied to the wire pool around the iron stalk, it will produce a temporary magnetic efect. Example : Big electromagnet. Click for go to Chemical Change

  12. B. Chemical Changes Chemical Changes is a change which caused the change of the stack of the matter shaper particles or produce a new substance. Example : Salt which is mixed with water can produce a solution without reacting.

  13. 1. Chemical Changes Causes by Heated Process Some chemical changes or reaction can be caused by temperature changes, especially by heating process. Besides, heating process can also emerge some chemical reaction such as combination reaction, decomposition reaction, and burning reaction. Example : Burnt wood.

  14. 2. Chemical Changes Caused by Mixing Process Mixing Process is also able to cause chemical changes. Example : Mixture of sodium chloride solution and Chopper (II) sulphate will produce a blu sediment. Its Reaction equation is as follow : Sodium hydroxide + Copper (II) sulphate => sodium shulpate + chopper (II) hydroxide

  15. 3. Chemical Changes Caused by Electrical Effect Electrical effect can disentangle a substance into some other simpler substance. Chemical decompetition by supplying electrical power is electrolysis. Example : We can distangle water into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas by supplying electrial power.

  16. 4. Chemical Changes Caused by Light Light is also able to cause chemical change. Example : Photosynthesis. Carbon dioxide + water => glucose and oxygen

  17. The difference beetween physical changes and chemical changes

  18. Chemical Reaction

  19. A. What is Chemical Reaction? Chemical reaction is the phenomenon of the chemical change from reactant into product which always produce a new substance. Example : Sugar that reacts with sulphuric acid will produce carbon and water vapor.

  20. B. Chemistry Reaction Equation Chemistry Reaction equation can called reaction equation. A reaction equation is a more efficient way to state about chemical reaction. In a reaction equation, ractan in the left side and product in the right side. reactan => product Click for go to example and requirements

  21. Example and Requirements Na + Cl2 => NaCl Example : Requirements : 1.In a reaction equation, reactant and product must be balanced. 2.The physical condition of reactant and product must be added to the equation. With symbol (s) for solid matter, (l) for liquid, (g) for gas and (aq) for water solution. Click for go to Chemical Reaction’s Charateristics

  22. C. Chemical Reaction’s Charateristics (Click for go) a.The Formation of Sediment b.The Change of The Color c.The Change of Temperature d.The Formation of Gas

  23. a.The Formation of Sediment Example : If lead nitrate solution (Pb(NO3)2) and pottasium iodide (Kl) are mixed, it will be produced a yellow sediment of lead iodide salt (Pbl2). The chemical reaction equation is (Pb(NO3)2) (aq)+2Kl(aq) => Pbl2(s)+2KNO3(aq) Click for back

  24. b.The Change of Color Example : Reaction of green chlorine gas with colorless hydrogen gas that can produce colorless hydrochloride gas. The chemical reaction equation is Cl2(g) + H2(g) => HCl(g) Click for back

  25. c.The Change of Temperature In a chemical reaction, the heat energy can be absorbed or released on the medium where the reaction happened.The chemical reaction which release heat is called exotermic reaction. The chemical reaction which absorb heat is called endotermic reaction. Click for back

  26. d.The Formation of Gas One of the clues can show the occurence of a chemical reaction is the presence of a product which is in the form of gas. Example : Boiling ammonium chloride solid with sodium hydroxide solution. NH4Cl(s)+NaOH(aq)=>NaCl (aq)+H2O(l)+NH3(g)

  27. D.Type of Chemical Reaction a.Combination Reaction b.Dissociation reaction c.Exchange reaction d.Sedimentation reaction e.Neutralitation reaction f.Combustion reaction

  28. a.Combination Reaction The combination reaction involved the direct combination of two substances to produce a new substance. A and B can be in the form of element or compound, C is a new compound. Example : A + B => C Iron + Sulphur => iron(II) sulphide

  29. b.Dissociation Reaction Dissosiation reaction involves the disentanglement of a single compound into a simpler substance. AB is a compound, A and B can be in the form of element or compound. Example : water electrolysis AB => A + B

  30. c.Exchange Reaction Exchange reaction is a reaction which involves the exchange of a substance with another substance in a compound. A and B are elements, BC and AC are compound. Example : A + BC => B + AC Cu(s) + AgNO3(l) => CuNO3(l) + Ag(s)

  31. d.Sedimentation Reaction Sedimentation reaction happen ehen the ions on a solution merge to produce a new compound with a low solubity on water. This compound forms solid particles that later on will be settled snd form a sediment. Example : NaCl(aq)+AgNO3(aq)=>AgCl(s)+NaNO3(aq)

  32. e.Neutralisation Reaction Neutralisation Reaction is the acid and base are mixed and will be salt and water. Example : Acid + base => salt + water HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) => NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)

  33. f.Combustion Reaction Combustion refers to the combination of substance with oxygen when it is heated. During combustion, heat and light may be produced.

  34. Physical and Chemical Changes in Daily Life We can find many physical and chemical changes in daily life, like at haome, around our neighborhood, or in industrial process. Example : Chemistry changes : cooking food Physical Changes : making of ice cubes for beverages

  35. Thank You Members of Group Ainaul Rizki (1) Dwi Titus Indriyawati (7) Kurnia Putri Alfiah Tri Rahayu (15) Rike Adelia (19) Teacher of Physics Sutana, S.Pd POWER POINT OF MATTER CHANGES AND CHEMICAL REACTIONS

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