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Amalia Sholehah Jurusan T. Metalurgi FT – UNTIRTA. TITRATION METHODS. Titrations are based on a reaction between analyte and a standard reagent titrant The rection is of known and reproducible stoichiometry
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Amalia Sholehah Jurusan T. Metalurgi FT – UNTIRTA TITRATION METHODS
Titrations are based on a reaction between analyte and a standard reagent titrant • The rection is of known and reproducible stoichiometry • Titrimetry includes a group of analytical methods that are based on determining the quantity of a reagent of known concentration that is required to react completely with the analyte.
Titrimetric methods : • Gravimetric Titrimetry • Volumetric Titrimetry • Coulometric Titrimetry • Redox Titrimetry • Amperometric Titrimetry • Spectrophotometric Titrimetry
Terms in Volumetric Titrimetry • Standard solution (standard titrant) a reagent of exactly known concentration that is used in titrimetric analysis • Equivalence point theoretical point in a titration that is reached when the amount of added titrant is chemically equivalent to the amount of analyte in the sample
End point the point in a titration when a physical change occurs that is associated with the condition of chemical equivalence • Titration error (Et) Et = Vep - Veq where Vep= actual volume (end point) Veq = theoretical volume (equivalence point)
Primary standard a high purified compound that serves as a reference material • Primary standard must be : • High purity • Atmospheric stability • Contain no hydrate water • Modest cost • Resonably soluble in titration medium • Have a resonable large molar massa
Secondary standard a compound whose purity has been established by chemical analysis and serves as reference material for titrimetric method
Ideal standard solution : • Must be sufficiently stable • React rapidly with the analyte • React (more or less) compeletely with the analyte • Undergo a selective reaction with the analyte • Standard solution preparation : • Direct method • Standardization