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Pentateuch

Pentateuch. First five books of the Old Testament Moses as the author Several sources edited A continuous narrative No attempt was made to fix the differences Life and personality of Moses Oral transmissions of speeches Reflections Poetry Genealogies Liturgical celebrations Laws.

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Pentateuch

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  1. Pentateuch • First five books of the Old Testament • Moses as the author • Several sources edited • A continuous narrative • No attempt was made to fix the differences • Life and personality of Moses • Oral transmissions of speeches • Reflections • Poetry • Genealogies • Liturgical celebrations • Laws

  2. Four Major Sources • Yahwist (J) • Anthropomorphic (earthy style) • Elohist (E) • Emphasis on prophecies (Elijah, Elisha) • Northern Kingdom viewpoint • Abraham as the central character • Deuteronomist (D) • “Second Law”: morality, law • Composed by a priest (Northern Kingdom) • Speeches of Moses (“Listen, Israel”) • Combination of J and E • Priestly (P) • Census lists, genealogies, numbers, dates, proper ways to worship, regulations about clean and unclean animals • Latest source

  3. Creation Stories • Genesis 1:1-2; 4a • Priestly Tradition • Grand, stately creation • Awesome, dramatic act of God • Genesis 2:4b-25 • Yahwist tradition • Lighter, down-to-earth • Anthropomorphic God • Older account

  4. First Creation Story • Israelite tradition of a 7 day week • 7th Day: Sabbath (a day of rest and prayer) • Creation: took place in 6 days • Each day: a higher development (Humans on the 6 th day) • Priestly account with no scientific explanation of the Universe • There in only one God • God planned creation (orderly) • Everything that God made is good • Sabbath is a special day of rest and worship (God’s creatures to take time for rest and renewal)

  5. Second Creation Story • Yahwist account of God as a potter who molds Adam’s body • Intimacy between God and the first human contrasts with the idea of a distant God • J Source: a compassionate God • God cares for Adam by planting a garden and sending animals • Adam names the animals (control) • Formation of Eve (dignity and equality of women) • Intimacy, openness, nakedness

  6. Why are there two creation stories in the Bible? • God is great, mysterious, powerful: created humans who reflect His glory • God who is goodness and love, is also intimately involved in the life of His creatures • Both stories foreshadow Jesus • Incarnation: Jesus assumed a human nature to save us from our sins

  7. Second Creation Story • God created humans in His image and friendship • Adam and Eve preferred themselves to God (original sin) • Serpent: symbol of evil • Sin does NOT originate from within humans • Sin comes from humans consenting to an outside temptation • “Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil” symbolizes knowledge only God should have (Humans must recognize their limits) • Shame and guilt (nakedness) • Sin broke their harmony with the natural world

  8. God did NOT abandon Adam and Eve or their descendents • One day the serpent would be destroyed by the offspring of the woman • “New Adam” or Jesus Christ, Son of God • “New Eve” or Mary • All people influenced by the sin of Adam and Eve (weakened human nature; subject to ignorance, suffering, death) • An inclination to commit sin called concupiscence • Protoevangelium: great hope; God created humans out of love • Humans affected by sin – can be set free by Jesus, whose passion, death, and resurrection have broken the power of the Evil One

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