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Jefferson in Office

Chapter 6 Section 3. Jefferson in Office. Revolution of 1800 Referred to his creation of a less formal style of the presidency Strong believer in small gov’t =limited scope of federal power Wanted to pay off debt, cut gov’t spending, and did away with whiskey tax

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Jefferson in Office

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  1. Chapter 6 Section 3 Jefferson in Office

  2. Revolution of 1800 • Referred to his creation of a less formal style of the presidency • Strong believer in small gov’t=limited scope of federal power • Wanted to pay off debt, cut gov’t spending, and did away with whiskey tax • Instead of a standing army, wanted to rely on militia • Chose Albert Gallatin as secretary of treasury=skilled financier who supported Hamilton’s system Thomas Jefferson Takes Office

  3. Thomas Jefferson

  4. Albert Gallatin

  5. Rise of the Supreme Court • Judiciary Act of 1801- passed before Adams left office • Created 16 new federal judges • Nicknamed “midnight judges”=Adams signed these appoints until midnight on his last day • Impeaching Judges • Jefferson and Republicans opposed Federalist controlled courts • Repealed the Judiciary Act of 1801 Thomas Jefferson Takes Office

  6. Republicans wanted to remove Fed. from the judiciary by impeachment • Tried to impeach Supreme Court Justice Samuel Chase • Senate didn’t convict b/c he wasn’t guilty of “treason, bribery, or other high crimes” • Marbury v. Madison • John Marshall- appointed Chief Justice by Adams before leaving office • William Marbury (Fed.)- appointed justice of peace in D.C. • His appointment paperwork wasn’t delivered before Adams left office • New Sec. of State James Madison, was told not to deliver by Thomas Jefferson • Jefferson hoped he would quit and allow him his Rep. appointment • Marbury asked that Supreme Court step in and order Madison to deliver the documents, idea was based on Judiciary Act of 1789 Thomas Jefferson Takes Office

  7. Marbury v. Madison

  8. Chief Justice Marshall and the Supreme Court agreed they couldn’t issue the order • Declared Judiciary Act of 1789 unconstitutional and invalid • Asserted Supreme Court’s right of judicial review= power to decide whether laws were constitutional or not Thomas Jefferson Takes Office

  9. Justice Marshall

  10. One of Jefferson’s strongest beliefs was that a republic couldn’t survive without most people owning land • Supported westward expansion • Louisiana Purchase • Napoleon (French emperor) wanted to conquer Europe • Was at war with Great Britain and needed funding • In 1803, Napoleon offered to sell the Louisiana Territory and New Orleans to the U.S. United States Expands West

  11. On April 30, 1803, U.S. purchased Louisiana for $11.25 million (+ French debt owed to American citizens $3.75 million)= $15 million • More than doubled land size of U.S. and gained control of entire Mississippi River United States Expands West

  12. Read The Lewis and Clark Expedition pg. 224 • Write a brief summary 3-5 sentences. • Read The Pike Expedition pg. 224 • Write a brief summary 3-5 sentences. • Read The Essex Junto pg. 224 • Write a brief summary 3-5 sentences. United States Expands West

  13. President Jackson wanted to keep the U.S. out of war b/w France and Great Britain • Economic Warfare • At first, Americans benefited from war=opened trade with Caribbean • In 1806, Britain issued regulations=Orders in Council • Declared all ships going to Europe needed licenses and would be searched • In response, Napoleon stated if anyone followed the British system would have goods taken by the French • lose lose situation for Americans Rising International Tensions

  14. Impressment • British turned to impressment= legalized form of kidnapping that forced people into military service • Captured Americans and forced them to join their navy • Boiling point= June 1807 British warship Leopard stopped American warship Chesapeake • Captain of the Chesapeake refused to comply, Leopard opened fire • Killed three and then seized four sailors Rising International Tensions

  15. Economic Diplomacy • Attack on the Chesapeake enraged Americans • Asked congress to pass Embargo Act of 1807 • To stop trade between U.S. and Europe • Embargo wound up hurting the U.S. more than France and Britain • Caused problems in the north with shipping and in the south and west saw crop prices plummet • Was repealed in March 1809 • Pres. Jefferson retired to his home, Monticello, in Virginia • Limited power of federal gov’t • Acquired territory in the West Rising International Tensions

  16. Embargo Act of 1807

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