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Participation in Multi-Level Governance

Participation in Multi-Level Governance. Short presentation Felix Rauschmayer and Augustin Berghöfer, UFZ. Multi-level Governance. Problem is meeting regulation Different possibilities of participation at different levels 2 Examples: Cormorant North Sea Regional Advisory Council.

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Participation in Multi-Level Governance

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  1. Participation in Multi-Level Governance Short presentation Felix Rauschmayer and Augustin Berghöfer, UFZ Marie Curie Research Training Network, Contract No. MRTN-CT-2006-035536

  2. Multi-level Governance • Problem is meeting regulation • Different possibilities of participation at different levels • 2 Examples: • Cormorant • North Sea Regional Advisory Council Kick-off Meeting

  3. Conflicts with Fish Predators – the European Cormorant Case • During the 1960’s: only several hundred breeding pairs; • 1979: Strictly protected by European Birds Directive • Today’s estimates: 0,5 - 1,6 mio. birds migrating all over Europe • 0,5kg fish/day: Since the 1990s increasing conflicts with fisheries and aquaculture Kick-off Meeting

  4. Participation at the local level Portugal: • Newly established dialogue • Creating a mutually beneficial solution through conflict coupling and empowerment Kick-off Meeting

  5. Participation at the regional level Italy – Province of Ferrara • Participation of most stakeholders • Provincial regulations, apparently fair and competent • No effect on state or impact Germany – State of Saxony • Participation of most stakeholders • State regulations, apparently internally fair and competent • Effect on impact through financial compensation Kick-off Meeting

  6. Participation at the national level Denmark: • Long tradition of participation at the national level • „Wrong“ knowledge format • Roundtable as arena for presenting opposing interests not always conducive to fair and competent decision making France • National management plan highly influenced by fishermen • Large-scale, but not very effective culling • Participation influenced the output (regulation), but not necessarily the outcome (less fish eaten) Kick-off Meeting

  7. Participation at the European level EU: • Restricted participation in ORNIS committee • Any „real“ steps blocked through vetoing power of Member States • Lobbying through national governments and EP Kick-off Meeting

  8. Multi-level Governance ? • Many different entry points • Mono-level participation research exists • What are the multi-level aspects? • Can local fishermen /bird watcher participate in processes on other levels? • What about internationally oriented scientists at local levels? • What about the links between local and European participation? • Where is there type 1 and where type 2 MLG and does this have an effect on participation? Kick-off Meeting

  9. Multi-level governance in the North Sea Fish: mobile, common, renewable but overexploited resource EU Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) since 1983: hierarchical structure for setting quotas of total allowable catch per region. Top-down process and single sector planning. CFP reform 2002: progress towards opening the process to more actors and issues: from single stocks to coastal/marine systems Kick-off Meeting

  10. Multi-level governance in the North Sea Coordination reguirements: horizontal: among local and sub-national governments, fisheries organisations, research institutions and ENGOs, and also with their counterparts at same level but next door vertical: with their counterparts at national, neighbouring country and EU levels. thematic: with actors from other issues (positioned at different levels) : traffic routes, energy (wind and oil), MPAs Kick-off Meeting

  11. New cross-scale linkages ICES stock assessment Before: ICES scientists produced official advice on stocks+quotas for EU CFP, industry lobbyed at Member State level (against them). Now: Making this report includes hearings with independent scientists and those from stakeholders – seeking to improve the quality of assessments and their legitimacy. North Sea Regional Advisory Council –cross-sector coordination Official forum for industry (2/3) and other stakeholders (1/3) (ENGOs) to provide consensus advice on fishery and marine spatial planning to the EU Kick-off Meeting

  12. Difficulties of participation in multi-level setting of marine policy • Fishery is managed at EU level, but marine spatial planning (incl. fishery) is multi-lateral. • Costs of participation are high – at which level should stakeholders focus their effort, if influence of political arenas is fluid? • CFP 2002 initiated bottom-up process to inform reform processes – but failed to maintain transparency across various levels. Kick-off Meeting

  13. Group discussions on your past-case experiences • Participation • which kind of? • who participated? (stakeholder/citizens) • Was there a multi-level process? • Where on the participation ladder? • MLG • How is authority distributed among levels, • What are the links between levels? • Did this influence the participatory process and how? Kick-off Meeting

  14. Groups • Catrin, Raphael, Matteo, Patricia, Dimitris • Minna, Cathy, Mireia, Augustin, Paula, Ilona • Oli, Sonja, Cordula, Anna, Felix, Barbara Kick-off Meeting

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