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Ch. 8.1 The Respiratory System

Ch. 8.1 The Respiratory System. 1. breathing. the movement of the chest that brings air into the lungs and removes waste gases. 2. respiration. the chemical reaction that changes glucose and oxygen into carbon dioxide, water, and energy C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + Energy.

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Ch. 8.1 The Respiratory System

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  1. Ch. 8.1 The Respiratory System

  2. 1. breathing • the movement of the chest that brings air into the lungs and removes waste gases 2. respiration • the chemical reaction that changes glucose and oxygen into carbon dioxide, water, and energy • C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + Energy

  3. 3. nasal cavity • air enters through nostrils • fine hairs trap dust • air gets moistened and warmed • mucus traps dust, pollen, and other materials • cilia sweep mucus and trapped material to back of throat to be swallowed

  4. 4. pharynx • tube like passageway in the neck used by food, liquid, and air • epiglottis is a flap that prevents food and liquid from going into airway 5. larynx • the airway that is attached to the vocal cords • air flowing between vocal cords causes them to vibrate and produce sound

  5. 6. trachea • 12-inch long tube connects to larynx • rings of cartilage prevent it from collapsing • lined with mucous membranes and cilia to trap dust, bacteria, and pollen 7. bronchi • 2 short tubes that carry air from trachea to lungs • branch into smaller and smaller tubes inside the lungs • bronchioles are smallest tubes

  6. tiny, thin-walled sacs at the end of each bronchiole • make grape-like clusters in the lungs 8. alveoli

  7. 9. How does air get from the lungs to the rest of the body? • air goes from alveoli to capillaries through the walls that are only one cell thick • oxygen in capillaries/blood gets picked up by hemoglobin and is brought to other cells • wastes move through the capillaries to the alveoli and back out of the body during exhalation

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