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Cliff Lamb University of Minnesota Beef Improvement Federation July 2005

How to Get Cows Pregnant for the Purebred and Commercial Sectors of the Beef Industry – Using GnRH and CIDRs. Cliff Lamb University of Minnesota Beef Improvement Federation July 2005. Natural Service vs. Estrous Synchronization and AI.

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Cliff Lamb University of Minnesota Beef Improvement Federation July 2005

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  1. How to Get Cows Pregnant for the Purebred and Commercial Sectors of the Beef Industry – Using GnRH and CIDRs Cliff Lamb University of Minnesota Beef Improvement Federation July 2005

  2. Natural Service vs. Estrous Synchronization and AI

  3. Cost ($) per Pregnancy of Various Estrous Synchronization Protocols Herd size Protocol 30 hd 100hd 300hd Natural Service 58 35 35 MGA-PGF 62 41 37 MGA Select 66 45 41 MGA Select – TAI 70 51 48 Select Synch 68 46 41 CO-Synch 70 51 47 PGF-CIDR 73 51 47 CO-Synch+CIDR 80 61 55 Select Synch+CIDR 76 55 51 (Johnson and Jones, 2004)

  4. Advantages of Natural Service and Artificial Insemination Natural Service Artificial Insemination • Genetic Improvement • Proven sires • Shorten breeding season • Shorten calving season • Uniform calf crop • Induce cyclicity • Cost • Hassle factor • Labor • Time • Good bulls at reasonable price

  5. Effect of Postcalving Feed on Postpartum Estrus Postcalving feed (Short et al., 1988)

  6. Effect of Body Condition on Cyclicity Body condition score (Stevenson et al., 2004)

  7. Effect of Parity and Body Condition on Ovulation Rates Body condition score (Stevenson et al., 2004)

  8. Effect of Days Postpartum on Cyclicity Body condition score (Stevenson et al., 2004)

  9. Estrous Synchronization Protocols Hybrid Synch Two shot PGF MGA/PGF Select Synch 7-11 Synch MGA Select Hybrid Synch+CIDR Ov-synch Presynch Resynch CIDR/PGF One shot PGF CO-synch Heat Synch CO-synch+CIDR

  10. CIDR and GnRH Based Protocols

  11. Concentrations of Progesterone in Ovariectomised Cows Produced by CIDR Containing 1.9g and 1.38g Progesterone Over a 20 Day Treatment ( = CIDRÒ1900 Cattle insert,  = CIDRÒ1380 Cattle insert, N = 10, error bars = SEM)

  12. CIDR Protocols in Heifers

  13. TAI & GnRH PGF CIDR CIDR-PG & TAI Detect estrus & AI TAI & GnRH GnRH PGF CIDR Select Synch+ CIDR & TAI Detect estrus & AI TAI & GnRH GnRH PGF CIDR CO-Synch+CIDR TAI & GnRH PGF CIDR CIDR-PG+TAI -18 to -16 -7 0 60 84 B B Hours relative to PGF Days relative to PGF

  14. Effect of Location on Pregnancy Rates

  15. First Service Pregnancy Rates n = 282/517 n = 289/504 n = 258/525 n = 282/531 Treatments

  16. Pregnancy Rates after Estrus Detection Alone vs TAI 57.3 54.5 53.1 49.1 Treatment P = 0.221

  17. TAI & GnRH PGF CIDR CIDR-PG & TAI Detect estrus & AI TAI & GnRH GnRH PGF CIDR Select Synch+ CIDR & TAI Detect estrus & AI -7 0 60 84 Days relative to PGF Hours relative to PGF

  18. Distribution of estrus as a percentage of all heifers treated 58% 61% Hours after PGF

  19. Hours from PGF to Estrus Treatments

  20. CIDR Protocols in Cows

  21. CO-synch vs. CO-synch+CIDR TAI & GnRH GnRH PGF CO-Synch TAI & GnRH GnRH PGF CIDR CO-Synch+CIDR -7 0 48 Days relative to PGF Hours relative to PGF (Lamb et al., 2001)

  22. First Service Pregnancy Rates Treatments

  23. Effect of BCS on Pregnancy Rates Body condition score (Lamb et al., 2001)

  24. TAI & GnRH PGF CIDR CIDR-PG & TAI Detect estrus & AI TAI & GnRH GnRH PGF CO-Synch TAI & GnRH GnRH PGF CIDR CO-Synch+CIDR TAI & GnRH GnRH PGF Select Synch & TAI Detect estrus & AI TAI & GnRH GnRH PGF CIDR Select Synch+CIDR & TAI Detect estrus & AI -18 to -16 -7 0 60 84 B B Days relative to PGF Hours relative to PGF

  25. Effect of Location on Pregnancy Rates Locations

  26. First Service Pregnancy Rates x x x x b n = 266/506 n = 238/548 n = 269/507 n = 289/498 n = 290/539 Treatments P < 0.05

  27. Pregnancy Rates after Estrus Detection Alone vs TAI 58 53 54 53 43 b c a,b b a Treatment P < 0.05

  28. Effect of Days Postpartum on Pregnancy Rates Days postpartum

  29. Characteristics of Estrus TAI & GnRH PGF CIDR CIDR-PG & TAI Detect estrus & AI TAI & GnRH GnRH PGF Select Synch & TAI Detect estrus & AI TAI & GnRH GnRH PGF CIDR Detect estrus & AI Select Synch+CIDR & TAI -7 0 60 84 Days relative to PGF Hours relative to PGF

  30. Distribution of estrus 52% 47% 57% Hours after PGF

  31. Hours from PGF to Estrus and AI n = 325 n = 309 n = 345

  32. Calving Distribution after Synchronization of Estrous

  33. Calving Characteristics Gender ratio TreatmentGestation length AI calves Clean-up bulls PGF-CIDR &TAI 281.2 0.54 0.51 CO-Synch 281.8 0.49 0.50 CO-Synch+CIDR 282.2 0.50 0.57 Select Synch & TAI 281.7 0.57 0.47 Select Synch+CIDR & TAI 281.9 0.53 0.54 Overall 281.7 0.53 0.52 Overall births 994 841 635

  34. Recommendations (for optimum PR) - Estrus Detection Cows and Heifers TAI & GnRH GnRH PGF CIDR Detect estrus & AI -7 0 72- 84 Days relative to PGF Hours relative to PGF Select Synch+CIDR & TAI

  35. Recommendations (for optimum PR) - Timed AI TAI & GnRH GnRH PGF CIDR Heifers -7 0 54 - 60 TAI & GnRH GnRH PGF CIDR Cows -7 0 60 - 66 Days relative to PGF Hours relative to PGF CO-Synch+CIDR

  36. Additional Considerations for Cattlemen • Estrous Synchronization for bull breeding herds • Resynchronization of estrus for non-pregnant cows • Consider fixed-time AI • Work with experts to define reproductive management procedures

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