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Chapter 6 “Chemical Names and Formulas” Acids and Bases

Chapter 6 “Chemical Names and Formulas” Acids and Bases. H 2 O. 9.4. Some ants can give painful stings when threatened or disturbed. Certain ant species called formicines have poison glands that produce venom containing formic acid. Naming & Writing Formulas for Acids and Bases.

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Chapter 6 “Chemical Names and Formulas” Acids and Bases

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  1. Chapter 6“Chemical Names and Formulas”Acids and Bases H2O

  2. 9.4 • Some ants can give painful stings when threatened or disturbed. Certain ant species called formicines have poison glands that produce venom containing formic acid..

  3. Naming & Writing Formulas for Acids and Bases OBJECTIVES: • Apply 3 rules for naming acids. • Apply 3 rules in reverse to write formulas of acids. • Apply 3 rules for naming bases.

  4. Acids are… • Compounds that give off hydrogen ions(H1+)when dissolved in water. • Will start the formula with H. • There will always be some Hydrogen next to an anion. • The aniondetermines the name.

  5. Rules for Naming acids • If the anion attached to hydrogen ends in -ide, put prefix hydro- and change -ide to -ic acid • HCl - hydrogen ion + chlorideion = hydrochloric acid • H2S - hydrogen ion + sulfideion = hydrosulfuric acid

  6. Naming Acids • If the anion has oxygen in it, then it ends in -ate or -ite change suffix -ateto -ic acid(use no prefix) • HNO3 - Hydrogen + nitrate ions = Nitric acid • change suffix -iteto -ous acid(use no prefix) • HNO2 - Hydrogen + nitrite ions = Nitrous acid

  7. Normal ending ____-ide ____-ate ____-ite Acid name is… hydro-___-ic acid _____-ic acid _____-ous acid Naming Acids

  8. Practice by naming these: • HF • H3P • H2SO4 • H2SO3 • HNO3 • HNO2

  9. Answers= Names • HF Hydrofluoric Acid • H3P Hydrophosoris Acid • H2SO4Sulfuric Acid • H2SO3Sulfurous Acid • HNO3Nitric Acid • HNO2 Nitrous Acid

  10. Naming Acids • Summary of Three Rules for Naming Acids.

  11. Writing Acid Formulas – in reverse! • Hydrogen always listed first • The name will tell the anion • Be sure charges cancel out. • Starts with prefix hydro? no oxygen, -ide ending for anion • no hydro? -ateanioncomes from -ic, -iteanion comes from -ous

  12. Write formulas for these: • hydroiodic acid • acetic acid • carbonic acid • phosphorous acid • phosphoric acid

  13. Answers= formulas • hydrobromic acid HBr • acetic acid HC2H3O2 • carbonic acid H2CO3 • phosphorous acid H3PO3 • Phosphoric acid H3PO4

  14. Names and Formulas for BASES • Bases= ionic compounds that produces hydroxide ions (OH1-) when dissolved in water. • Bases = named the same way as other ionic compounds: • The name of the cation (a metal) is followed by the name of the anion (a hydroxide).

  15. Names and Formulas for Bases • NaOH is sodium hydroxide • Ca(OH)2 is calcium hydroxide • Write formula: • Write symbol for the metal cation • followed by the formula for the hydroxide ion (OH1-) • balance the charges.

  16. Quiz • 1. The name for H2S(aq) is • sulfuric acid. • hydrosulfuric acid. • sulfurous acid. • hydrosulfurous acid.

  17. 2. The chemical formula for chlorous acid is • HClO2. • HClO3. • HClO4. • HCl.

  18. 3. The correct chemical name for NH4OH is • nitrogen tetrahydrogen hydroxide. • nitrogen pentahydrogen oxide. • ammonium oxyhydride. • ammonium hydroxide.

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