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Atmosphere Composition

Atmosphere Composition. Nitrogen  78% Oxygen  21% Other  about 1% . Hurricanes vs. Tornadoes. Hurricanes. Hurricane. Definition: Severe tropical storm with heavy rain that has wind speeds that exceed 74 mph. How do hurricanes form?. Step 1:

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Atmosphere Composition

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  1. Atmosphere Composition • Nitrogen  78% • Oxygen  21% • Other  about 1%

  2. Hurricanes vs. Tornadoes

  3. Hurricanes

  4. Hurricane Definition: Severe tropical storm with heavy rain that has wind speeds that exceed 74 mph

  5. How do hurricanes form?

  6. Step 1: Water evaporates, into the atmosphere, from ocean water that is close to the equator and is at least 80°F.

  7. Step 2: Storm clouds form in the atmosphere out of the evaporated water

  8. Step 3: Winds close to the oceans surface draw up more and more water vapor into the center of the storm clouds making them larger and larger • \

  9. Step 4: The rotation of the Earth causes the storm clouds to spin and wind pushes the storm clouds along the ocean.

  10. Clip on How Hurricanes Form http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k35Gwb0FFU0

  11. Weather Conditions Associated with Hurricanes 1. Heavy rain 2. Strong winds 3. Storm surge

  12. Storm Surge Definition: Ocean water that is pushed towards shore by the force of winds moving cyclonically * Causes an abnormal rise in water levels on shore *

  13. Animationof Storm Surge http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/surge/animations/hurricane_stormsurge.swf

  14. How Scientists Track Hurricanes • Weather satellites • Radar • Specialized Planes “Hurricane Hunters” Hurricane Sandy taken by radar scatterometer on the Indian Space Research Organization’s (ISRO) Oceansat-2

  15. Clip – Hurricane Hunters http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z96uu4GZNwQ

  16. Hurricane Warnings Can Be Given… Several days in advance

  17. Scale Used to Measure a Hurricane’s Severity Scale based on the wind speed of the hurricane Scale Used: Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale

  18. Saffir-Simpson Scale

  19. Examples of Damage Hurricanes Can Cause • Beach erosion • Flooding • Destruction of docks, houses, buildings, roads etc. • Uprooting plants

  20. Tornadoes

  21. Supercell Thunderstorm Definition: An extremely intense thunderstorm that grows very quickly due a strong updraft of moist surface air

  22. Supercell Thunderstorm Characteristics: • Rotates • Hail • Torrential rain • Strong winds

  23. Clip CLIP- SupercellThunderstorms and Tornadoes http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cvOut9VUqKY

  24. Tornado Definition: a small rotating column of air that has high wind speeds and touches the ground

  25. How Tornadoes Form The horizontally rotating supercell thunderstorm is flipped vertically by the thunderstorm’s updraft

  26. Clip – How Tornadoes Form http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GM-abtIT6Is

  27. Weather Condition Associated With Tornadoes High winds ** As well as the same condition associated with supercell thunderstorms **

  28. How Scientists Track Tornadoes Doppler Radar a radar tracking system using the Doppler effect to determine the location and velocity of the storm. of a storm, clouds, precipitation, etc.

  29. Clip – Doppler Radar http://www.climatecentral.org/videos/how-do-we-know/how-do-we-know-tracking-tornados/

  30. Tornado Warnings Can Be Given… In roughly 13 minutes or less

  31. Why Scientists Can’t Accurately Predict Tornadoes http://www.livescience.com/12417-killer-tornados-spin-supercell-thunderstorms.html

  32. Scale Used to Measure a Tornado’s Severity Enhanced Fujita Scale

  33. Enhanced Fujita Scale

  34. Examples of Damage Tornadoes Can Cause • Destruction of houses, buildings, roads, bridges etc. • Uprooting plants

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