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Abner Kaʻehu Pākī. Beyond the Scope of Bernice Pauahi Bishop. Modern Scholarship. Secondary Sources on Pākī scarce Majority frames Pākī as Pauahi’s father He pua milimili na ke aliʻi Pākī / A he lei hulu nani na Konia. Reframing Pākī.
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AbnerKaʻehuPākī Beyond the Scope of Bernice Pauahi Bishop
Modern Scholarship • Secondary Sources on Pākī scarce • Majority frames Pākī as Pauahi’s father • He puamilimilinakealiʻiPākī/ A he lei hulunanina Konia
Reframing Pākī • Brings light to the political/social climate of the time of his most pertinent influence: late 1840s-early 1850s • Analysis of official government documents and letters demonstrates two perspectives of interest:1. the relationships he held as a gov’t official/aliʻi 2. political/social themes of religion, ʻāina,and govt.
He aliʻimaoli • Father, Kalanihelemaiiluna, nephew of Kahekili • Mother, Kawao, shares genealogical line with Kamehamehas as descendants of Keawe.
He aliʻiaupuni • Member of the House of Nobles, Privy Council, Supreme Court, and Chamberlain to the King • Chamberlain: presides over internal economy of palace, expenditure of funds, etc.
Pākī to W.C. Wyllie. Oct 21, 1847 “Ma kekauohaanamaia kaMoi, keoleloakunei au iaoe e haawimaioe I maudala $85 I mea e ukuai no kahanaana o ka Hale Bele ma Kawaiahao…”
Religion • “Kauoha” for funding of church • Government-driven • Possible indicator of eagerness by aliʻi to promote Christianity
Pākī to Kanehoa, Gov. of Maui. March 1, 1850 “E like me keKanawai no lailakehaiakunei au I komauamauainamai Maui a me Molokai I naiamaua I manaoai no mauaiho e like me kaolelo ma kaPauku 4 I ka puke elua o keKanawai…”
Pākī to Keoni Ana. April 20, 1852 (2 separate letters) “Kehaiakunei au iaoe no naia o kokaMoimauainaiaukahana e like me keKanawai…”“Eiahoumaikeiaainaaolenaeno’uponoi a eianae hoi iaukahana a me kamalama no Keelikolaninae ma kamahele o Wm. P. Leleiohoku”
ʻĀina • Pākī clarifies not only his lands, but those over which he has steward ship BY LAW • No longer is aliʻi rights to ʻāina validated by solely genealogy. • Codified laws become a part of “aliʻi”
Pākī to W.C. Wyllie, Sept 1, 1849 “Kehoounaakunei au iaKahonu e heleakuimuaou o kekahiHae o kokauaMoiaia no iluna o Kamehameha mokue hoounaakuoeiaia e kiiaku me kapalapalapuaku I loaamai no ka mea ualilo hoi kamoku I Palanio kaHaekeiaiaAkonaKapena e ponokehoihoimai.”
TimoteoKeaweiwi to Pākī and ʻĪʻī, July 18, 1845 “O na kanaka aole e paukokakoumakauaia no a paukanoholunaana o nahaole a me kahoohiki I kanaka maoli a lailapaukekaumaha o kanaau I kamakau o iakamanao o na kanaka a me kahoopiihouaku no”
Government • Haole occupy government positions • ie. Wyllie, Minister of Foreign Affairs • Makaʻāinana are concerned (makaʻu)
Eiakapuana a iloheia • Through Pākī’s relationships established through official government correspondences, three themes emerge that inform us of the political/social climate of the time. • 1.Religion: Christianity-gov’t driven • 2.ʻĀina: Ali’i rights codified, redefining ali’i status • 3. Government: concern for haole-occupied gov’t positions