Microorganism Test Review

1. Microorganism Test Review ByKen Pitts

2. Bacteria were the first • To be eukaryotic organisms • organisms to appear in the fossil record • To have mitochondria • To have chloroplasts

3. Prokaryotes are represented by • Humans and dogs • Protists and Fungi • Reptiles and amphibians • Bacteria and Archea

4. Gram staining, methods of obtaining energy, & type of cell walls are ways to • Classify bacteria • Classify viruses • Classify protists • Tell if a virus is a bacteria

5. Organism # 1 is definitely • Spirilla bacteria • Bacilli bacteria • Cocci bacteria • Influenza

6. Organism # 2 is definitely • Spirilla bacteria • Bacilli bacteria • Cocci bacteria • Influenza

7. Organism # 3 is definitely • Spirilla bacteria • Bacilli bacteria • Cocci bacteria • Influenza

8. If organism # 2 were in a long chain, it would be called • staphylobacillus • streptobacillus • diplobacillus • bacillus

9. If organism # 1 were in a long chain of pink bacteria, it would be called • Gram positive streptococcus • Gram negative streptococcus • Gram negative staphylococcus • Gram positive staphylococcus

10. Prokaryotes • Are often multicellular • Lack a cell membrane • Always have mitochondria • Lack a nucleus and membrane bound organelles

11. A single chromosome is contain in the cytoplasm • of protists • of bacteria • of animals • of plants

12. Prokaryotes: Eukaryotes:: • Large : Small • Complex : Simple • Mitosis: Binary Fission • Circular chromosomes: Linear Chromosomes

13. Prokaryotes: Eukaryotes:: • Large : Small • Simple : Complex • Mitosis: Binary Fission • Linear chromosomes: Circular Chromosomes

14. Prokaryotes: Eukaryotes:: • Small: Large • Complex : Simple • Mitosis: Binary Fission • Linear Chromosomes : Circular chromosomes

15. Prokaryotes: Eukaryotes:: • Nuclei: Nuclear area • Ribosomes: Ribosomes • Mitosis: Binary Fission • Linear Chromosomes : Circular chromosomes

16. Cell nuclei, multiple chromosomes, and membrane bound organelles are • Not found it animals • Found in eukaryotes but not prokaryotes • Not found in plants • Found in bacteria but not viruses

17. A cell wall and a cell membrane are • Not found around plant cells • Found surrounding animal cells • Found around human cells • Found around bacterial cells

18. Bacteria and eukaryotes have • Endoplasmic reticulum • Mitochondria • Nuclei • DNA

19. Harsh environmental conditions can be survived by bacterial • flagella • cilia • cell walls • endospores

20. Bacterial flagella can be used to • Make them transparent • Create movement • Make them smell better • Resist to drying

21. Harsh environmental conditions can be survived by bacterial • flagella • cilia • cell walls • endospores

22. Which of the following would be the most unsuitable for bacterial growth? • 35 degrees C • 15 degrees C • 100 degrees C • 110 degrees C

23. Conjugation can be used by bacteria to • Transfer new genetic material between them • Create a sperm or an egg cell • Stimulate the cells to divide by mitosis • Feed each other nutrients the other one doesn’t have

24. Organisms that are capable of harming other living organisms are • Heterotrophs • Autotrophs • Decomposers • Pathogens

25. Cell wall production in bacteria can be stopped by • Anti-inflammatories • Anti-depressants • Antibiotics • Anti-cell wall nuking devices loaded onto tanks, aircraft, and satellites

26. Viruses cannot reproduce by themselves, are not made up of cells, and cannot carry out metabolism. In other words, • They are not very good at a party • They are eukaryotes • They are prokaryotes • They are not living

27. Viruses are active within living cells, therefore they • Are living • Are studied in biology • Are eukaryotic • Are always prokaryotic

28. A protein coat surrounds the RNA or DNA of • A bacteria • A prokaryote • A eukaryote • A virus

29. The viral protein coat surrounding its nucleic acid is the • Prophage • Capsule • Capsid • Cell wall

30. Cytoplasm, ribosomes, and mitochondria are not found in • Viruses • Bacteria • Prokaryotes • Animal cells • Plant cells

31. Scientist began studying viruses because • They were curious • They were the smallest form of life on earth • They had cool geometric shapes • They caused disease

32. Retroviruses use reverse transcriptase because they inject • DNA that needs transcribed to RNA • RNA that needs transcribed to DNA • RNA that needs translated to RNA • DNA that kicks the cell backwards

33. A protein coat surrounding a nucleic acid core is a • Typical cell set up • Typical bacteria set up • Typical eukaryotic set up • Typical virus set up

34. 3 is likely to be protein • 3 is likely to be a nucleus • 3 is likely to be a nucleic acid • 3 is likely to be left outside the cell after viral injection

35. 1 is likely to be protein • 1 is likely to be a nucleus • 1 is likely to be a nucleic acid • 1 is likely to be inside the cell after viral injection

36. 4 is likely to be protein • 4 is likely to be a RNA • 4 is likely to be a DNA • 4 is likely to be a nucleus

37. 5 is likely to be protein • 5 is likely to be a cell membrane • 5 is likely to be a DNA • 5 is likely to be a cell wall

38. 2 is likely to be protein • 2 is likely to be a cell membrane • 2 is likely to be a DNA • 2 is likely to be a cell wall

39. Viruses • Are capable of metabolism • Are cellular • Have nuclei and organelles • Reproduce only in living cells

40. Host cells in animals have specific receptors for protein on viruses, so they • Can be infected by all animal viruses • Can be infected only by viruses specific to them • Can be infected by plant and bacteriophage viruses • Cannot be infected by any viruses