Body systems and homeostasis

1. SC.6.L.14.5 Identify and investigate the general functions of the major systems of the human body (digestive, respiratory, circulatory, reproductive, excretory, immune, nervous, and musculoskeletal) and describe ways these systems interact with each other to maintain homeostasis. Essential Question: How does each organ system interact within the human body to maintain homeostasis? Body systems and homeostasis

2. Bell Ringer Tanner is convinced that the circulatory system and the immune system do not function together in humans. He did complete classwork that demonstrated how the muscular and skeletal systems provide support for the skeletal muscles which are attached to bones in the body. Which statement will help Tanner have a different conclusion about any relationships between the circulatory system and immune system. • The circulatory and immune system do work together because of different tissues such as blood and hormones. • The circulatory system and immune system work together to make a human live because of homeostasis. • These two systems function at different times throughout the day and are not on at the same time. • The circulatory and immune system work together to deliver white blood cells through the blood defensive protection.

3. Organs Form Systems • Organs working together make up organ systems • There are 9 major organ systems in your standard:

4. I Do: Guided Notes

5. Muscular System • When your muscles contract and expand, they move your bones • Major Organs: Heart, Biceps and Triceps

6. Skeletal System • Your bones give your body support and allows motion. • Major Organs: Femur, Skull

7. Circulatory System • The heart pumps blood (carrying oxygen) to all of your cells. • Major Organs: Heart, Blood, Arteries, Veins

8. Nervous System • Carries electrical signals to and from the brain. Brain controls EVERYTHING. • Major Organs: Brain, Nerves, Spinal Cord

9. Digestive System • Breaks food down into sugars to be used in cellular respiration. • Major Organs: Mouth, Stomach, Intestines

10. Respiratory System • Exchanges fresh oxygen (inhale) and waste carbon dioxide (exhale). • Major Organs: Lungs, trachea, nose.

11. Immune System • Protects the body from infection due to bacteria, viruses and fungi. • Major Organs: White blood cells

12. Excretory System • Your excretory system removes wastes from the blood and regulates the body’s fluids. • Can also maintain body temperature (homeostasis) through sweat. Major Organs: Kidneys, bladder, sweat glands

13. Reproductive System • The male reproductive system produces and delivers sperm • The female reproductive system produces eggs and nourishes and shelters the unborn baby. Each Sperm and Egg have a ½ set of DNA and were made through meiosis.

14. Homeostasis • A state of balance between all body systems and processes. • EX: Marrow can be found inside large bones, such as your femur. Marrow replaces red blood cells that are constantly dying. Without this balance, you would die.

15. Infectious Agents Bacteria • They reproduce QUICKLY and cause infections. A fever is caused by infections. • Most bacteria are good, but a small fraction will harm you. • Bacterial infections can be treated with antibiotics such as penicillin. Viruses • Can ONLY reproduce when it is inside a host. • Antibiotics do NOT have any effect because they are not technically alive (bio). • You have to wait for your immune system to flush it out of your body.

16. Infectious Agents Fungi • Organisms that love moist dark areas (like your skin/lungs) • They reproduce asexually through spores in or outside of your body. • Infections can be treated using anti-fungal drugs Ringworm Fungi ↓ E. Coli Bacteria ↓ Hepatitis Virus ↑

17. We Do Collaborative Activity

18. Revisiting the Bell Ringer Tanner is convinced that the circulatory system and the immune system do not function together in humans. He did complete classwork that demonstrated how the muscular and skeletal systems provide support for the skeletal muscles which are attached to bones in the body. Which statement will help Tanner have a different conclusion about any relationships between the circulatory system and immune system. • The circulatory and immune system do work together because of different tissues such as blood and hormones. • The circulatory system and immune system work together to make a human live because of homeostasis. • These two systems function at different times throughout the day and are not on at the same time. • The circulatory and immune system work together to deliver white blood cells through the blood defensive protection. *

19. YOU DO TIME!

20. Exit Ticket #1 During a hot July day, Brian and his friends play football outside. After a while, they are covered in sweat. Brian comments that sweat is just your body’s way of cooling itself. Which systems are involved in your body attempting to maintain homeostasis during high temperatures? • Your nervous system sends signals to your muscular system. • Your circulatory system gives blood to your respiratory system. • Your muscular system attempts to cool your skin through radiation. • Your excretory system attempts to cool your skin through evaporation.

21. Exit Ticket #2 There are many different types of viruses and bacteria that can live and reproduce inside humans and often make us sick. In which of the following ways are viruses different from bacteria? • Viral infections always cause a fever while bacterial infections almost never do. • Viruses must invade a host cell to reproduce while bacteria can reproduce on their own. • Virus cells, in general, are at least three times as large as the largest bacterial cell. • Viral infections are more likely to disable or kill their host than bacterial infections.

22. Exit Ticket #3 • Sandra measured her heart rate and her breathing rate at rest and again after doing 50 jumping jacks. What is the main reason that both her heart rate and breathing rate went up with exercise? • They both sped up to supply her working muscles with enough oxygen to remain in homeostasis. • Her lungs and heart were not able to keep up with the need for oxygen affecting homeostasis. • Her muscles were out of shape and required extra blood and oxygen in order to maintain her jumping pace. • They both increased in order to carry heat away from her muscles as they worked.

23. EXIT TICKET (Closing) • One of your body systems suddenly stops working. How would this affect your body’s ability to function and remain in homeostasis?