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Entrained-flow Gasifier Model Development

Entrained-flow Gasifier Model Development. Larry Baxter, Bing Liu, Humberto Garcia. Distinguishing Characteristcs. Focus on refractory durability Chemical dissolution Fracturing Spalling Advanced inorganic coal chemistry Initial inorganic speciation Particle and gas dynamics

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Entrained-flow Gasifier Model Development

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  1. Entrained-flow Gasifier Model Development Larry Baxter, Bing Liu, Humberto Garcia

  2. Distinguishing Characteristcs • Focus on refractory durability • Chemical dissolution • Fracturing • Spalling • Advanced inorganic coal chemistry • Initial inorganic speciation • Particle and gas dynamics • Deposit/slag formation • Numerically efficient • New, rapid gas-phase convergence • 1-D reactor profile • 2-D slag/refractory/deposit profile

  3. Capabilities and Status • Estimates transient gas and particle composition, temperature, velocity, and position as a function of axial position. • Estimates transient slag and refractory thickness, composition, temperature, and phase as functions of both axial and radial position. • Suitable for monitoring and supervisory control, either in full or in correlated form. • Steady-state version in debug mode. • Validated and verified model complete by end of CY 2007.

  4. Overall Concept

  5. Reactor Model

  6. Reactor Model Details

  7. Wall Model Details

  8. Mechanical Model Details

  9. Mechanical Model Interface Deposit-refractory interface composition,temperature,and properties Gas and Particle Phases Axial temperature profiles, mass flux, particle composition Deposit Phase Refractory / Metal Phase Gas and particle composition, velocity, and temperature (axial) Depth, phase, composition, temperature, and flow rate (radial and axial) Thermal & mechanical stresses, fracturing/spalling, psd of spalled particles, erosion, corrosion Chemical dissolution Gas-deposit interface conditions (T, ε, phase, μ) Slag absorption, spall psd, T, Δx

  10. Database-driven Information

  11. Sequence Diagrams

  12. Deposits Dissimilar to Fuel

  13. Example • Gasifier dimensions (length×diameter×thickness) • Steel shell: 3.0×1.06×0.03 (Unit: m) • Refractory: 3.0×1.0×0.3 (Unit: m) • Coal: Illinois #6 • Operating Temperature: ~1800 C • Operating Pressure: ~40 atm

  14. Gas Composition Profile dry coal, high equiv. ratio, O2 feed

  15. Corrosion Rate Dependencies Corrosion flux is calculated using the falling film diffusion model. The corrosion rate increasing with temperature results from two effects: (1) Solute diffusion coefficient increases exponentially with increasing temperature; (2) the saturated solute concentration increases with increasing temperature.

  16. Refractory Thickness Dynamics Δt = ∞ Δt = 100 hr Δt = 50 hr The computation is conducted at the 0.3 m from the top of the gasifier. 1800 C syngas temperature is used. 1/Δt is the assumed spalling frequency. The curves become flat at long time resulting from the decreasing hot-face temperature of the refractory with time.

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