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Post World War Two

Post World War Two. The Cold War... Brrrrrrrrrrr. Yalta Conference February 1945. Conference in the Ukraine between British PM Churchill, USA President Roosevelt and Soviet Leader Stalin. Growing difference between the Soviet Union (Russia) and the United States

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Post World War Two

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  1. Post World War Two The Cold War...Brrrrrrrrrrr

  2. Yalta Conference February 1945 • Conference in the Ukraine between British PM Churchill, USA President Roosevelt and Soviet Leader Stalin

  3. Growing difference between the Soviet Union (Russia) and the United States • Cold War really began before the defeat of Germany – the Allies had agreed that until the details of a peace settlement could be worked out, each country should temporarily control the territory at the end of the war

  4. The Soviet armies had raced westward, determined to liberate and control as much of Eastern Europe as possible • They had driven the Germans from Poland, Czechoslovakia, Romania, Hungary and the Baltic Countries • As Stalin pointed out, the Russian people had suffered terribly in two wars because of German invasion

  5. Soviet people were determined to make sure that Germany could never again be a threat to their homeland • Therefore, Stalin wanted to push Soviet frontiers, further west to establish “friendly” governments on Soviet borders • Make Eastern Europe a buffer zone to protect USSR

  6. ‘IRON CURTAIN” (Winston Churchill)

  7. Breaking up Germany • Berlin and Germany now governed by the Allied Control Council in Berlin • All decisions had to be unanimous • Road, rail and air links with the Western Zones were agreed

  8. October 1945 Berlin Election • Communist-led Socialist United Party was defeated by Social Democratic Party • Conditions chaotic • Allies disagreed on how to combat inflation and the flourishing black market

  9. January 1947 • British and American Zones merged economically

  10. Early 1948 • Western Foreign Ministers meet in London to plan the economic and political recovery of Western Germany • USSR was NOT invited

  11. March 1948 • Russians demanded to know what had been decided • West refused to tell them and Russians walked out • Allied partnership ended • MARSHALL AID helped West Germany

  12. June 1948 • Western Allies introduced the new deutschmark into their zones and West Berlin too • Excusing a new Soviet-backed currency • Clearly a move to setting up a separate Germany • Russians retaliated by trying to seal off Berlin from the West by closing all surface routes and cutting gas and electricity supplies

  13. “Berlin Airlift” • Western Allies supplied food and fuel

  14. May 1949 • Blockade ended by Russians • Airlift successful • Berliners refused to panic

  15. July 1949 • Russians explode atomic bomb • American nuclear monopoly was over

  16. April 1949 N.A.T.O. established • Draw America and Europe together against what seemed to be the main Communist threat

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