Russian Revolution

1. Russian Revolution Warm UP -Examine the photo and answer the following questions Objective:TLWBAT to analyze how the conditions of peasant life may have contributed to social unrest in Russia

2. Russian Revolution

3. The Russian Revolution • Setting the Stage: Ripe for Revolution • Cruel and oppressive rule of 19th Century czars caused social unrest • 1881, reformist Czar Alexander II assassinated by upset revolutionaries

4. Czar Alexander III

5. The Russian Revolution • Czars Resist Change • Alexander III halted all reforms and clung to autocracy (total control) • Anyone who questioned the czar, worshipped outside of Russian Orthodox Church, or spoke another language was labeled dangerous • Alexander censored published materials, teachers, and students • Forbade minority languages, targeted the Jews • Died of kidney inflammation in 1894, son Nicholas II takes over

6. Czar nicholas II

7. The Russian Revolution • Russia Industrializes • Number of factories doubled between 1863 and 1900; still behind Europe • Industrialization brought new problems: high taxes, bad working conditions, low wages, & child labor • Trade unions outlawed; unhappy workers organized strikes • Marxist (those who followed ideas of Karl Marx) revolutionaries believed: • The industrial class would overthrow the czar and form a “dictatorship of the proletariat” • Proletariat: the workers • The proletariat would rule the country • Marxists split into two groups: Mensheviks and Bolsheviks

8. The Russian Revolution • Three Crises Show Czar’s Weaknesses • Russo-Japanese War (Cost lives & $$$) • Bloody Sunday: The Revolution of 1905 (Failed revolution) • World War I (Cost lives & $$$)

9. Peasant Life • Read through the statistics and answer the following questions. • Class discussion Questions -What were the conditions like for the peasants ? -How is a high poverty rate going to impact the Russia government? -What needs to happen for there to be changed?

10. Fall of the Czar Warm Up Objective After analyzing the leadership of Czar Nicholas TLWBAT examine his role in the fall of the Russian autocracy 1. Read the quote and explain what is tells us about Czar Nicholas as a leader

11. Czar Nicholas Felt he was chosen by god Had no military experience Disregarded the struggles of his people His wife Alexandra makes issues worse

12. Alexandra Czarina The Fall of the Czar Grigori Rasputin

13. Alexandra Czarina She was a German Princess, and many Russians believed she was a spy Has five children One of her children is sick and needs a healer

14. Grigori Rasputin Claims to be a “Holy Man” Said to be a healer, so Alexandra appoints Rasputin to a high political position Was actually a very poor man with crazy beliefs (Rasputin actually means “Degenerate”)

15. Angry Russians • Russians realize Rasputin is crazy and they want him dead • It takes them three attempts • Poison him, but he survives • Shot him, but he survives the shot • They drown him

16. Exit Slip List three things that lead to the fall of Czar Nicholas and the Russian Autocracy. Homework: Bloody Sunday Reading. -Summarize the key points from the reading on the front side of the notecard -Warm up tomorrow will be questions based from the reading

17. The March Revolution

18. The Russian Revolution • The March Revolution • Prices were wildly inflated • Food and supplies were dwindling • March of 1917, women textile workers in Petrograd led a city-wide strike • In the next 5 days, shortages of bread and fuel led to riots. • 200,000 workers swarmed the streets shouting “Down with the autocracy!” • Rasputin, holy man who gained political power was poisoned and shot • This uprising led Czar Nicholas II to abdicate his throne

19. Mensheviks vs Bolsheviks Warm Up Objective TLWBAT categorize the differences between the Bolsheviks and Mensheviks and analyze the factors that gave the Bolsheviks control of Russia • Take out your notecard • Take a worksheet and answer the questions using your notecard

20. The Russian Revolution The Revolution • July 17th, 1918 Nicholas and his family were executed by revolutionaries

21. The Russian Revolution Provisional Government 1. A provisional government (temporary government) was set up 2. The Provisional government decides to keep Russia in WWI - Russian people continue to suffer because of the War

22. The Russian Revolution Soviet Forces -Soviets: local councils consisting of workers, peasants, and soldiers -They overthrow the Provisional Government -Leads to Russia’s removal in WWI and Russian Civil War

23. The Russian Revolution Mensheviks (WHITE ARMY) Bolsheviks (Red Army) Leader: Vladimir Lenin Wanted highly trained militant revolutionaries to force change Wanted a government in which a small elite runs the masses Workers needed the leadership of the Bolsheviks to guide their work in the street and factories. • Leader: Julius Martov • Wanted a slow, peaceful and gradual change • Wanted the masses to participate in government • Organize the workers to eventually lead themselves

24. Assignment • Read Pages 870-872 to complete #’s 7, 8, 9 • Complete Exit Slip: -What two sides fought for power in Russia? -What side prevails and takes control?

25. Homework • Explain the importance of the key concepts on your sheet

26. Rasputin

27. Vladimir Lenin

28. The Russian Revolution • The Bolshevik Revolution • Vladimir Leninreturns to Russia from exile (via Germany) • The provisional government topples after Bolshevik Red Guards storm Winter Palace in Petrograd (St. Petersburg)

29. The Russian Revolution • The Bolshevik Revolution (continued…) • The Bolsheviks are in power within days behind Lenin • Lenin gave control of factories to the workers(Communal ownership) • Lenin distributes all farmland to the peasants(Communal ownership) • Civil War erupts in Russia (Bolsheviks vs. those loyal to Czar regime)

30. The Russian Revolution • The Bolshevik Revolution (continued…) • Lenin restores order and in 1922 Russia is renamed the Soviet Union • Bolsheviks rename themselves the Communists