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Digestive and Excretory System

Digestive and Excretory System . By: Haley Pierson Erin Wittekind. Digestive System . Function : To break down and absorb nutrients from food to provide the body with energy. Organization.

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Digestive and Excretory System

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  1. Digestive and Excretory System By: Haley Pierson Erin Wittekind

  2. Digestive System Function: To break down and absorb nutrients from food to provide the body with energy

  3. Organization • Cell = basic unit of structure and function in living things (eg., nerve cell, blood cell, skin cell) • Tissue = group of cells that perform a single function (four types we will talk about on next slide) • Organ = group of different tissues that work together to perform a single function (eg., eye made of different tissues that work together for sight) • Organ system = group of organs that perform closely related functions (digestive system) • Organisms = Made up of multiple organ systems (eg. Humans)

  4. Types of Tissue • Muscle Tissue- can contract and shorten for movement • Connective Tissue- provides support and connects all parts of the body • Nerve Tissue- carries messages back and forth from body to brain and spinal cord • Epithelial Tissue- forms a protective surface inside and outside of the body (glands, too)

  5. Homeostasis and Nutrition • Homeostasis- Process by which organisms keep internal conditions relatively constant (balance) • Food supplies us with the following: • Energy • Materials for body processes • Growth • Repair • Maintenance

  6. Types of Digestion • Mechanical Digestion: • Food is physically broken into smaller pieces • Ex. Teeth • Chemical Digestion: • Food is changed at the molecular level • Ex. Gastric Juices

  7. Path of Digestion • Mouth -Use teeth and tongue to mechanically break down food • Esophagus • Passage from mouth to stomach • Stomach • Gastric juices to break down proteins • Stomach churns food into a soupy substance: chyme • Small Intestine • Food is broken down with various juices and then the nutrients are absorbed

  8. Path of Digestion • Large Intestine • Absorbs water and vitamins from undigested waste • Rectum • Storage area for waste • Anus • Place where waste exits the body

  9. Organs of the Digestion System • Salivary Glands • Produce salivary amylase to break down carbohydrates • Liver • Produces bile to emulsify fats • Gall Bladder • Stores the bile made by the liver • Pancreas • Produces pancreatic juices to break down fats (Lipase), carbs(Amylase), and proteins (Trypsin)

  10. Excretory System • Function • Removes various wastes from the body to maintain homeostasis • Ex. Urine, Sweat, Breath

  11. Main Excretory Organ • Kidneys- • filter waste (urine) from blood • enters through renal artery • exits through renal vein *Nephrons- individual filtering units of kidney • maintain blood pH • regulate blood volume

  12. Other Excretory Organs • Liver- filter wastes from blood, detoxifies • Skin- excretes sweat, oil • Lungs- remove H2O and Carbon Dioxide

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