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World War II. Blitzkrieg!. Blitzkrieg proved capable against the enemies it was designed for: France, Poland, and Czechoslovakia. It could not beat Britain. By 1941, the war in Europe had hit a stalemate. Facism on the March. 1935--Hitler officially broke from Versailles
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World War II Blitzkrieg! • Blitzkrieg proved capable against the enemies it was designed for: France, Poland, and Czechoslovakia. It could not beat Britain. By 1941, the war in Europe had hit a stalemate.
Facism on the March • 1935--Hitler officially broke from Versailles • 1936--Hitler reoccupied Rhineland • 1938--Hitler annexed Austria into the Reich • 1938--Munich Conference/appeasement • 1939--Czechoslovakia occupied • 1939--Poland
Target: Poland • Why Poland?? • Nazi-Soviet Pact • 1 Sep 39 • Two Ger Army Groups • 18 days to victory • 17 Sep 39 • Soviets roll in • To the victors….the spoils
Winter War • 30 Nov 39 • Soviets invade Finland • 5 Armies assaulted • Mannerheim Line • Soviet breakthrough in Feb • Finland surrenders • Casualties • Soviets--200K killed, 1600 tanks, 684 planes • Finns--25K killed, 61 planes • Hitler takes notice
Target: France • Maginot Line • Situation in the West • German breakthrough • Miracle of Dunkirk • Fall of France “France signs peace treaty--We’re in the finals!” --London newspaper
Dunkirk: Operation Dynamo Wars are not won by evacuation -- Winston Churchill, after Dynamo
Fall of France Occupied France Vichy France
Britain--Staying Alive • Germans did not crush the BEF • Hitler wanted to make peace? • Goering wanted the limelight • Britain did not give in! • Operation Sea Lion • Invasion of England • Luftwaffe was the KEY • Enigma give a hint
Churchill’s “Never Surrender” Speech, 1940 • We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills; we shall never surrender, and even if, which I do not for a moment believe, this island or a large part of it were subjugated and starving, then our empire beyond the seas, armed and guarded by the British Fleet, would carry on the struggle, until, in God’s good time, the New World, with all its power and might, steps forth to the rescue and liberation of the Old.
High-Level Radar 1500 Feet Low-Level Radar (500 Feet) The Battle of Britain • 10 July 40, kick-off • The opponents • Germany--HUGE advantage • Britain--tenacity, home turf • The turning point • Hitler changes his mind • Results by 31 Oct 40 • Germany lost 1,733 aircraft • Britain lost 1,379 aircraft
Nazi-Soviet Pact Winter War Winston Churchill Operation Dynamo Battle of Britain Vichy France Blitzkrieg Munich Conference Radar Operation Sealion Enigma Terms Used Today