Background for SSE IPR Workshop 12-13 May 2014 Carlisle, Pennsylvania

1. Background for SSE IPR Workshop 12-13 May 2014 Carlisle, Pennsylvania

2. Safe and Secure Environment is a sector within the Strategic • Framework for Stabilization and Reconstruction • Strategic Framework is the foundation for the research of the • Governance in Security and Development (GISD) project • Objective of GISD is to assist Civil Affairs stand up new • governance specialty, 38G • One sub-specialty of 38G will • focus on developing safe and • secure environments • This IPR Workshop enables the • project to “drill down” into • what a 38G SSE sub-specialty • looks like.

3. Function of a SSE System The function of a safe and secure environment system is to provide an acceptable level of security in an relevant operating environment to a set of relevant stakeholders.

4. Key Processes of an SSE System Establishment and maintenance of peace (public order) - Radical de-escalation of violence Disarmament and Demobilization of relevant groups - Combatants in a post-conflict situation - Criminals and vigilantes in a post-crisis situation Reintegration of relevant groups into normal society - Usually combined with (2) above, but vastly different Reestablish and, where necessary, reform indigenous security forces - Considered Security Sector Reform in literature - Mainly accomplished thru training and education

5. What Level of Security for safe and secure environments? Planetary National Provincial/State Community Neighborhood Self

6. What Kind/Type of Security for safe and secure environments? Planetary National Environmental Security Economic Security Provincial/State Logistical Security Community Info Security Neighborhood Cultural Security Self Social Security Physical Security Political Security Religious Security Human Security Governmental Security

7. Who provides security for safe and secure environments? Planetary National Government (non-military) Provincial/State Military Militias Community Police Neighborhood Leaders Self Populace

8. Two Major SSE Challenges • Capturing and summarizing the kinds/types of security • - Objective is to identify 38G security specialties • Answering the question: Security for whose safe • and secure environment? • - The State? • - The People? • - Both?

9. Summarizing Types of Security: A Strawman • Guiding Principles mentions two types: • - Territorial • - Physical • We found eleven possible types • Overlap • - Territorial becomes Physical • - Physical becomes Human Security • Physical/territorial security includes the following: • - Logistical security • Human security includes the following: • - Social security • - Religious security • - Cultural security • - Personal security

10. Summarizing Types of Security: A Strawman: cont’d • Economic security is a cross-cutting type that requires • collaboration with the economic/infrastructure sector • Political security is a cross-cutting type that requires • collaboration with the governance and rule of law sectors • Environmental security – assuring a sustained natural • resource base that enables a people and state to flourish • - This is a new component of SSE • Information security – assuring information as means, media and • message content for both the state and the populace is protected • - This is a new component of SSE

11. Summarizing the SSE types to identify Specialties • Physical Security • - focused mainly on security for the state • Human Security • - focused mainly on security for the people • Environmental Security • - focused mainly security for the natural resource base • Information Security • - focused on both state and populace protecting their data • - Includes all aspects of information • - Means, Media, Message (content)

12. Physical Security Specialty Description: Primarily based on existing military specialties, especially, infantry, military police, engineers, and medical service corps relevant MOSs and levels. Can include civilian specialties like SWAT teams, private security firm management (e.g. CEO, COO), and police leadership and administration (e.g. see RoL descriptions). Qualifications: For military related specialties, consult appropriate MOS qualification standards, including educational standards. For civilian specialties, consult requirements expressed as resumes for security managers (following slide)

13. Example Resume for Physical Security: Civilian Security Manager SECURITY MANAGER ■ Summary Professional manager with ten years managerial experience, directing operations of security practices and regulations in organization. Regularly acquires in-depth knowledge of security legislation and securing environment from related hazards and threads. Core specialties, Security risk assessment. Enforcing security policies. Defining and planning safety practices. Handling confidential information. Leading the implantation of security/safety procedures. Key skills, Motivating and directing people Agile and attention to detail Strong problem solving skills Objective Statement – Effectively analyze various standards of security operation programs; perform risk assessments to manage implementation of safe environment in the organization for both visitors and employees. ■ Professional Experience Security Manager    A&B Secure Solutions   Rockville, MD     2005 – Presentkey Functions: Prepared overall security plans and managed security operations of organization, including assignments and staffing. Contributed to investigations of property loss, thefts and criminal activities. Provides timely reports to firm Management. Manages all security costs through financial analysis. Maintained and conducted routine checkup of several sites in firm; analyzed failures. Monitored performance of security units installed in firm. Researched market constantly to gain knowledge of latest trends in security system implementation and possible security threats. Recommended installations of new/ latest security systems or a possible up-gradation in existing systems. Conducted annual research on crime risk analysis. ■ Qualifications Associates degree in Criminal Justice. Certification in Security Management.

14. Human Security Specialty Description: Consult security manager resume as part, but also includes study and experience with social work, social and economic development, cultural (especially religious) studies, and cultural/ historical heritage/archaeological subjects. This is a specialty that probably requires sub-specialty discussion. The common thread is the necessity for security management education/experience. Qualifications: The security manager qualifications no longer are sufficient. Must have at least a B.A./B.S. in a security-related discipline/cross-discipline. For sub-specialties, and advanced degree with accompanying work experience is required.

15. Environmental Security Specialty Description: Consult job descriptions for Health, Safety and Environmental (HSES) managers (read following slide for Illustration.) This is incomplete, however. Also consult job descriptions for Natural Resources Manager (accompanying Word document.) However, the core description remains that of Security Manager. Qualifications: the Natural Resources Manager description provides a good basis for developing levels. Also, the illustrative HSES PD also provides a private sector view of what qualifications are necessary for this specialty.

16. Environmental, Health and Safety Manager PD Job description Olin Chlor Alkali Products has an opportunity for an Environmental, Health, Safety & Security Manager.  This position will be located at our manufacturing site in St. Gabriel, Louisiana (Baton Rouge area).  This position directly supervises employees in the EHS&S department and responsibilities include planning, assigning and directing work; addressing issues and resolving problems. The Environmental, Health, Safety & Security Manager is accountable to develop, implement and maintain procedures and programs to minimize safety, security and environmental risks and ensure compliance with regulatory requirements. Responsibilities include: Facilitate and assist management leadership teams in maintaining a comprehensive environmental, health and safety program. Develops compliance strategy(s) to meet regulatory requirements. Responsible for all environmental activities including scheduling, tracking and planning for environmental assessments, site investigations, feasibility studies and remedial action plans. Develop, create and implement innovative safety policy and procedures for employees and contractors. Facilitate the development of area Responsible Care® procedures as needed and ensure existing procedures are current, accurate and complete. Responsible for all aspects of site security, including applicable regulations. Assess the environmental risk of activities and advises team members of environmental impact. Ensure compliance with governmental regulatory agencies relating to air, water, solid waste and employee health and safety. Develop and implement sampling and monitoring plans, which may include installing, operating and maintaining equipment which monitors air, land and/or water pollution levels. Interpret data and observations to ensure compliance with regulatory requirements and industry guidelines and advises management accordingly. Evaluate current and proposed codes, standards, regulations and guidelines to determine the impact on current and future programs and activities. Prepare technical documentation for use when dealing with regulatory agencies and other internal/external needs. Maintain working knowledge of new technologies developed by the industry and government regulators. Advise, consult and audit safety program and performance to provide guidance to operations on safety and compliance programs with applicable local, state and federal regulations. Manage budget and monitor facility spending. Responsible for employee development within department for all aspects of safety, environmental and security. Supervise department exempt, non-exempt and hourly employees including performance management, directing work, resolving issues, salary planning, etc. Desired Skills and Experience Qualifications include: Bachelor’s degree* in a related field required; Master’s degree* preferred. Extensive knowledge of Federal, State and Local environmental and safety regulations. Minimum of 8 years EHS&S experience required; chemical industry experience preferred. Previous experience with VPP, PSM and Chemical Security strongly preferred. Must be able to obtain or currently hold a valid Transportation Workers Identification Credential (TWIC) and pass a background check and pre-employment physical . Must have excellent interpersonal, presentation and communication skills in dealing with employees at all levels, customers, regulatory authorities and external vendors. Ability to lead and gain support for initiatives and programs is essential. Certified Safety Professional (CSP) certification or other related certification preferred. Occasional travel is required.

17. Information Security Specialty Description: Provides expert advice and counsel concerning any and all aspects of Information, including communications, computers, networks, and software. Examples from civilian sector abound. There are also three general levels in the IT field: Security Manager, Security Director, and Chief Information Officer. These fit nicely with the 38G Basic, Master, and Expert levels. Qualifications: These include a basic degree in the IT field, a minimum of 3 years relevant experience, with advanced levels requiring advanced degrees in business and increased relevant job experience. In this case, Formal certification should be considered mandatory (e.g. CISSM, CISP, GIAC (some form thereof) (Three PDs – one for each level – are provided separately)

18. Security for Whose safe and secure environment? This is a major question within the Security literature.

19. State Security • State security means a predominance of military, paramilitary, militia and police forces. • - Mainly oriented to Physical Security • - Also keeping Public Order at expense of Person • - Includes US Population Resource Control concept

20. Populace/People Security • People or Populace Security means predominance of local civilian • authorities • - Community/neighborhood- oriented policing, • - Neighborhood organizations • - Social intervention • Not necessarily opposed, but often is the case. • - if State over Populace, foundation for Insurgency and worse • - if Populace over State, foundation for regime change.