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“… These united colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent states…” - Richard Henry Lee. Daily Comment & Card. MARCH 5, 1770. 1773. BOSTON MASSACRE. TEA ACT AND BOSTON TEA PARTY. -Results from British attempting to enforce the Townshend Acts
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“…These united colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent states…” -Richard Henry Lee Daily Comment & Card MARCH 5, 1770 1773 BOSTON MASSACRE TEA ACT AND BOSTON TEA PARTY -Results from British attempting to enforce the Townshend Acts -British soldiers killed 5 Bostonians, including Crispus Attucks -John Adams defended the soldiers at trial -Used to create reaction from colonies -Tea Act gave the British East India Company right to ship tea directly to America and sell cheaper -Colonists opposed the monopoly. Turned back ships, left shipments to rot, held ships in port -Led to Boston Tea Party in Dec, where citizens dressed like Indians dumped the tea in the harbor. SONGS FOR THE DAY: AUTHORITY SONG
“…These united colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent states…” -Richard Henry Lee Daily Comment & Card MARCH 5, 1770 BOSTON MASSACRE -Results from British attempting to enforce the Townshend Acts -British soldiers killed 5 Bostonians, including Crispus Attucks -John Adams defended the soldiers at trial -Used to create reaction from colonies SONGS FOR THE DAY: AUTHORITY SONG
“…These united colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent states…” -Richard Henry Lee Daily Comment & Card 1773 TEA ACT AND BOSTON TEA PARTY -Tea Act gave the British East India Company right to ship tea directly to America and sell cheaper -Colonists opposed the monopoly. Turned back ships, left shipments to rot, held ships in port -Led to Boston Tea Party in Dec, where citizens dressed like Indians dumped the tea in the harbor. SONGS FOR THE DAY: I WON’T BACK DOWN
STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO: -discuss the First Continental Congress, including who was there and the actions taken -understand the importance of Lexington and Concord and Bunker Hill -explain the importance of the actions of the Second Continental Congress, including the Olive Branch petition -analyze the importance of the Richard Henry Lee’s Resolution and the Declaration of Independence
VI. AMERICAN REVOLUTION • INFLUENCES • FIRST CONTINENTAL CONGRESS 1. COLONIES UNITE 2. WHO WAS THERE? 3. RESULTS • FIRST SHOTS • BRITISH HUMILIATION • SECOND CONTINENTAL CONGRESS • WAR FOR INDEPENDENCE
INFLUENCES ON POLITICAL THINKING • -AMERICANS SEEK TO JUSTIFY ACTIONS • -LOOK TO ENLIGHTENMENT • JOHN LOCKE PROVIDES RATIONALE • “NATURAL LAWS” • JEAN-JOCQUES ROUSSEAU • “SOCIAL CONTRACT” LOCKE ROUSSEAU 1/13
Republicanism • BASED ON CONSENT OF GOVERNED • INSPIRED AMERICAN REVOLUTION • REPRESENTATION BASED ON POPULATION • REPUBLIC BETTER THAN MONARCHY (BECAUSE IT IS RESPONSIBLE TO THE PEOPLE) • STANDING ARMIES DANGEROUS (AVOID) • AGRARIAN (FARM) LIFE DESIRABLE/VIRTUOUS 2/13
FIRST CONTINENTAL CONGRESS • 1.THE COLONIES UNITE • -FORCED INTO ACTION (INTOLERABLE ACTS) • -EVERYONE BUT GEORGIA • -PHILADELPHIA (SEPT 1774) • -PROTECT RIGHTS AS ENGLISHMEN 3/13
HENRY • WHO WAS THERE? RADICALS PATRICK HENRY SAM ADAMS JOHN ADAMS SAM ADAMS MODERATES GEORGE WASHINGTON JOHN DICKINSON CONSERVATIVESJOHN JAY JOSEPH GALLOWAY JOHN JAY GALLOWAY 4/13
RESULTS • SUFFOLK RESOLVES • DECLARATION OF RIGHTS AND GRIEVANCES • COMMITTEES FOR BOYCOTTS • CALLED FOR ANOTHER MEETING Rejected Intolerable Act & called for repeal. Urged colonies to resist, make military preparation, boycott 5/13
KINGS REACTION: -DECLARED MASSACHUSETTS IN A STATE OF REBELLION -SENT ADDITIONAL TROOPS 6/13
REVERE • FIRST SHOTS • -APRIL 18, 1775 • -GENERAL THOMAS GAGE SENT TROOPS TO SEIZE SUPPLIES • -REVERE AND DAWES RIDE TO WARN COLONISTS FIRST SHOTS ARE FIRED AT LEXINGTON… BRITISH CONTINUE THEIR MARCH… 7/13
CONCORD… -DESTROY MILITARY SUPPLIES (BRITISH) -CONTINUE MARCH BACK TO BOSTON… -ATTACKED BY MILITIA ON WAY BACK 8/13
THE SHOT HEARD ROUND THE WORLD… http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y6ikO6LMxF4
BRITISH HUMILIATION • BUNKER HILL JUNE 17, 1775 • COLONIAL MILITIA FORTIFIES BREED’S HILL. TAKES THE BRITISH THREE TRIES…HEAVY LOSSES!! 9/13
SECOND CONTINENTAL CONGRESS (MAY 1775) • -PROBLEMS STILL EXIST • -SECOND CONTINENTAL CONGRESS MEETS • -ADOPT DECLARATION OF THE CAUSES AND NECESSITIES FOR TAKING UP ARMS • -CALL ON COLONIES TO PROVIDE TROOPS • -APPOINT WASHINGTON COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF OF THE COLONIAL ARMY 10/13
STILL SOUGHT PEACE… OLIVE BRANCH PETITION ASKED KING GEORGE III TO INTERCEDE WITH PARLIAMENT, PLEDGED THEIR LOYALTY KING GEORGE REFUSED TO HELP, DECLARED THEM IN REBELLION. ALL TRADE AND SHIPPING WAS FORBIDDEN BETWEEN ENGLAND AND THE COLONIES… 11/13
F. A WAR FOR INDEPENDENCE -THOMAS PAINE “COMMON SENSE” -RICHARD HENRY LEE’S RESOLUTION “THESE UNITED COLONIES ARE, AND OF RIGHT OUGHT TO BE, FREE AND INDEPENDENT STATES. ALL POLITICAL CONNECTION BETWEEN THEM AND GREAT BRITAIN IS, AND OUGHT TO BE, TOTALLY DISSOLVED.” 12/13
3. THE DECLARATION THOMAS JEFFERSON, BEN FRANKLIN, JOHN ADAMS, ROGER SHERMAN, ROBERT LIVINGSTON “ WE HOLD THESE TRUTHS TO BE SELF-EVIDENT: THAT ALL MEN ARE CREATED EQUAL; THAT THEY ARE ENDOWED BY THEIR CREATOR WITH CERTAIN UNALIENABLE RIGHTS; THAT AMONG THESE ARE LIFE, LIBERTY, AND THE PURSUIT OF HAPPINESS…” RESOLUTION ADOPTED JULY 2, DECLARATION ADOPTED ON JULY 4, 1776 13/13