The World Wide Web

1. Internet Basics The World Wide Web

2. Web Basics The World Wide Web • The Web is a collection of files organized as a giant hypertext • Many of these files produce documents called Web pages • Web site- location on a computer somewhere on the Internet that stores a collection of Web pages • http://www.yahoo.com Page 1

3. Web Basics What is the Web? Page 2

4. Web Basics What is the Web (World Wide Web)? • Webserver - computer with special software for transmitting Web pages over the Internet • Domain names prefixed with www • Homepage - identifies the site and contains links to other pages at the site • Web sites are composed of a series of Webpages • Each page stored as a file • Referred to by a unique URL Page 3

5. Web Basics What is the Web? • URL (Uniform Resource Locator) - an Internet address of a document on a computer • Begins with http:// • HTTP stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol - the protocol that allows Web browsers to communicate with Web servers Page 4

6. Web Basics Browsers Page 5

7. Web Basics What is a browser? • Web browsersprovide Internet users with all-purpose client software for accessing many types of servers • Internet Explorer • Netscape • Mozilla Page 6

8. Web Basics Exactly what does a browser do? • A browser fetches and displays Web pages • The server sends your computer data that’s stored • The data consists of information that you want to see and HTML tags, codes that tell your browser how to display it Page 7

9. Web Basics Exactly what does a browser do? Page 8

10. URL box Navigation buttons Home button Print Save Copy History List Favorites or Bookmarks Stop button Find Web Basics Web Basics Which features are common to most browsers? Page 9

11. Which features are common to most browsers? Web Basics To highlight a passage of text, hold down the mouse button while dragging the I-beam pointer from the beginning of the passage to the end of it. Click to start Page 10

12. Web Basics What is a search engine? • Search engine – popularly refers to a Web site that provides a variety of tools to help you find information • A software program that helps you locate web pages on certain topics • Enter keywords or descriptions • AltaVista, Google, Yahoo, etc. Page 11

13. Web Basics Search Engines The search was forrailroad cars. The search enginedisplays the totalnumber of relevantpages. Search results are typicallyarranged in order ofrelevancy, so that the mostpromising Web pagesshould be at the top of thelist. A brief description of thepage helps you determinewhether you want to view it. Underlined links make it easy toquickly connect to any of the Webpages in the list. Page 12

14. Web Basics Exactly what is a query? • Describes information you want to find • You can enter more than one search term. Separate each term with a space or search operator • A search operator is a word or symbol that describes a relationship between keywords and thereby helps you create a more focused query • AND, OR, and NOT • Quotation marks • NEAR • Wildcards • Field Searches Page 13

15. Web Basics How do I use a topic directory? • A topic directory is a list of topics and subtopics Click to start Page 14

16. Web Basics How do I use a form to find information? Page 15

17. Web Basics Can’t I just ask a single question and get an answer? Page 16

18. E-mail Basics E-mail Overview Recipients’ names or e-mail addresses Subject line Attachment Messagebody Page 17

19. E-mail Basics Who can use e-mail? • Any person with an e-mail account • An e-mailaccount provides the rights to a storage area or “mailbox” • Each mailbox has a unique address • Greene@rutgers.edu Page 18

20. E-mail Basics Exactly what is an e-mail message? • An e-mail message is a document that is composed on a computer and remains in digital form so that it can be transmitted to another computer • Every message includes a message header and the body of the message, usually displayed in a form Page 19

21. E-mail Basics What can I do with basic e-mail? • Basic e-mail activities • Writing • Reading • Replying To • Forwarding Page20

22. E-mail Basics What can I do with basic e-mail? Reply Originalmessage Page 21

23. E-mail Basics How does forwarding an e-mail work? • After you receive a message, you can use the Forward feature to pass it on to other people • When you initiate the forward process, the original message is copied and then you can enter the address of the person to receive the message, and even add a note about why you are passing it along Page 22

24. E-mail Basics What’s an e-mail attachment? • An e-mail attachment is a file that travels with a message to the recipient • A conversion process called MIME provides a way of disguising the file as plain ASCII text that can travel over the Internet Page 23

25. E-mail Basics How does HTML relate to e-mail? • Most e-mail software allows you to create messages in HTML • This allows your messages to contain fancy formatting and multimedia aspects Page 24

26. Address book Group e-mails Carbon copy Assign a priority to your e-mail Find a message Enlarge text size Sort messages Refuse messages Automate replies Automatic fetching Spell checking E-mail Basics E-mail Basics What other advanced e-mail features are available? Page 25

27. E-mail Basics Is e-mail different than other types of communications? • E-mail is similar to old-fashioned letters • E-mail is faster than post office, but lacks immediacy of a telephone conversation Page 26

28. Put a meaningful title on the subject line Use uppercase and lowercase letters Check spelling Be careful what you send Be polite Be concise Be cautious with sarcasm and humor Use smileys cautiously : - ) Use the Bcc function for group mailings Don’t send replies to “all recipients” Don’t send huge attachments Explain all attachments Stay alert for viruses Notify recipients of viruses E-mail Basics Is e-mail different than other types of communication? • Netiquette is online jargon for “Internet etiquette. It is a series of customs or guidelines for maintaining civilized and effective communications on-line Page 27

29. E-mail Basics E-mail Technology: What is an e-mail system? • An e-mail system is the equipment and software that carries and manipulates e-mail messages • E-mail servers sort, store, and route email • Store-and-forward technology – a communications method in which data that cannot be sent directly to its destination will be temporarily stored until transmission is possible Page 28

30. E-mail Basics E-mail Technology: What is an e-mail system? (Continued) • The possible transmission methods are: • POP • SMTP • Web-based e-mail Page 29

31. E-mail Basics E-mail Basics How do I use Web-based e-mail? Page 30

32. E-mail Basics How do POP and IMAP work? • POP server – a computer that stores your incoming messages until they can be transferred to your hard disk • Using POP requires e-mail client software • Outgoing mail is routed by an SMTP server Page 31

33. E-mail Basics How do POP and SMTP work? Page 32

34. E-mail Basics Does e-mail client software work only for offline e-mail tasks? • You can use it offline and on-line • It can automatically send messages out over the Internet when online Page 33

35. E-mail Basics Is POP mail better than Web-based e-mail? • Requires e-mail client software • Transfers e-mail to your computer • Consider the following when deciding: • Control • Security • Travel Page 34