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Lymphatic System

Lymphatic System. A&P Chapter 15 Pg 461. Introduction. Consists of : lymph, lymph vessels, lymph nodes, and lymph tissue. Lymph. Thin watery fluid Made of interstitial, or intercellular fluid that forms when plasma diffuses into tissue spaces.

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Lymphatic System

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  1. Lymphatic System A&P Chapter 15 Pg 461

  2. Introduction • Consists of : lymph, lymph vessels, lymph nodes, and lymph tissue

  3. Lymph • Thin watery fluid • Made of interstitial, or intercellular fluid that forms when plasma diffuses into tissue spaces. • Composed of water, digested nutrients, salts, hormones, CO2, lymphocytes, and metabolic waste

  4. Lymphatic Vessels • Located throughout the body • Lymphatic capillaries: small saclike open-ended vessels; acts like drainpipes; picks up lymph at tissues throughout the body; capillaries joint together to form larger lymphatic vessels • Lymphatic vessels carry lymph • Skeletal muscle contraction causes lymph flow

  5. Lymphatic Vessels cont’ • Vessels pass through lymph nodes • Contain valves that keep lymph flowing in one direction • Specialized lymphatic capillaries (lacteals) are located in the small intestine • Pick up digested fats or lipids • Lymph is mixed with lipids = chyle • Lacteals transport chyle to the bloodstream

  6. Lymph Nodes • Popularly called “glands” • Located all over the body, usually in small clusters • Small round masses ranging in size from a pinhead to an almond • Lymph vessels bring lymph to the nodes

  7. Lymph Nodes • Nodes filter out impurities such as: • Carbon • Cancer cells • Pathogens • Dead blood cells • Lymphatic tissue in nodes also produce lymphocytes: (a type of leukocyte= WBC), and antibodies (substances that fight infection)

  8. Lymph Nodes • Purified lymph, with lymphocytes and antibodies added leaves the lymph node by a single lymphatic vessel

  9. Lymphatic Ducts • As lymphatic vessels leave the lymph nodes, they continue to join together to form larger lymph vessels • Eventually they drain into one of two lymphatic ducts: Right or the Thoracic

  10. Lymphatic Ducts • Right Duct: • Short tube • Receives all the purified lymph form the right side of the neck and head, the right chest, and the right arm

  11. Lymphatic Ducts Thoracic Duct: Much larger tube Drains lymph from the rest of the body Empties into the R Subclavian Vein, returning purified lymph to the blood

  12. Lymphatic Ducts • Thoracic Duct cont’ • Enlarged pouchlike structure called the cisterna chyli is located at the start of the thoracic duct and serves as storage area for purified lymph

  13. Lymph Tissue • Located throughout the body in addition to being in lymph nodes • Tonsils, spleen, and thymus are examples of lymphatic tissue • Tonsils:Masses of lymph tissue; filterinterstitial fluid; 3 pairs of tonsils=palantine, pharngeal (adenoids), and lingual

  14. Lymph Tissue • Spleen • Organ located on L side in back of the upper part of the stomach • Produces leukocytes and antibodies • Destroys old RBC’s; Stores RBC’s • Destroys thrombocytes, • Filters some metabolites and wastes from tissue

  15. Lymph Tissue • Thymus • Mass of lymph tissue located in the center of the upper chest • Atrophies or wastes away after puberty and is replaced by fat and connective tissue

  16. Lymph Tissue • Functions during early life by producing antibodies and manufacturing lymphocytes to fight infection • Function is taken over by lymph nodes after it atrophies

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