Sonnets

1. Sonnets By Ms. Lutz

2. What is a sonnet? • One of the most famous poetic forms. • Three styles each named for the man who perfected the form. • Fourteen lines of rhymed iambic pentameter. • Dialectical construct – examines contrast • Expressions of love, philosophical considerations, political criticisms, etc.

3. Iambic Pentameter • An iambic foot is an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable. The rhythm can be written as: daDUM • A line of iambic pentameter is five iambic feet in a row: • daDUMdaDUMdaDUMdaDUMdaDUMIt's • In this notation a line of iambic pentameter would look like this: • ˘/˘/˘/˘/˘/

4. examples • To swell the gourd, and plump the hazel shells • if YOU | would PUT | the KEY | inSIDE | the LOCK • da DUM | da DUM | da DUM | da DUM | da DUM

5. Italian (Perarchan) Sonnet • Divided into an octave and a sestet that can be • General to specific • Comparison and contrast • Question and answer • Cause and effect • Before and after

6. Volta • Turn • The turn is an essential element of the sonnet form • The second idea is introduced.

7. Perarchan rhyme sceme • Octave –abba abba • Sestet – cde cde • Or • Cdcdcd • Cddcdc • Cdeced • cdcedc

8. Edna St. Vincet Millay • What lips my lips have kissed, and where, and why, I have forgotten, and what arms have lain Under my head till morning; but the rain Is full of ghosts tonight, that tap and sigh Upon the glass and listen for reply, And in my heart there stirs a quiet pain For unremembered lads that not again Will turn to me at midnight with a cry. Thus in winter stands the lonely tree, Nor knows what birds have vanished one by one,Yet knows its boughs more silent than before: I cannot say what loves have come and gone, I only know that summer sang in me A little while, that in me sings no more

9. When I Consider How My Light Is Spent by John Milton • When I consider how my light is spentEre half my days, in this dark world and wide,And that one talent which is death to hideLodged with me useless, though my soul more bentTo serve therewith my Maker, and presentMy true account, lest he returning chide;"Doth God exact day-labor, light denied?"I fondly ask; but Patience to prevent • That murmur, soon replies, "God doth not needEither man's work or his own gifts; who bestBear his mild yoke, they serve him best. His stateIs kingly. Thousands at his bidding speedAnd post o'er land and ocean without rest:They also serve who only stand and wait."

10. Spenserian Sonnet • Edmund Spencer • The Faerie Queen • Three quatrains of three distinct but closely related ideas • Separated couplet

11. Spenserian rhyme scheme • Abab • Bcbc • Cdcd • ee

12. "Fair is my love, when her fair golden hairs" • Fair is my love, when her fair golden hairs • With the loose wind ye waving chance to mark: • Fair, when the rose in her red cheeks appears, • Or in her eyes the fire of love does spark: • Fair, when her breast, like a rich laden bark • With precious merchandise she forth doth lay: • Fair, when that cloud of pride, which oft doth dark • Her goodly light, with smiles she drives away • But fairest she, when so she doth display • The gate with pearls and rubies richly dight, • Through which her words so wise do make their way, • To bear the message of her gentle sprite. • The rest be works of nature's wonderment, • But this the work of heart's astonishment

13. "One day I wrote her name upon the strand" • One day I wrote her name upon the strand, • But came the waves and washed it away: • Again I wrote it with a second hand, • But came the tide, and made my pains his prey. • Vain man, said she, that dost in vain assay • A mortal thing so to immortalize! • For I myself shall like to this decay, • And eek my name be wiped out likewise. • Not so (quoth I), let baser things devise • To die in dust, but you shall live by fame: • My verse your virtues rare shall eternize, • And in the heavens write your glorious name; • Where, whenas death shall all the world subdue, • Our love shall live, and later life renew

14. English (Shakespearian)Sonnet • Three quatrains of different but related ideas • Final couplet

15. Shakespearian rhyme • Abab • Cdcd • Efef • gg

16. "Sonnet LXXIII" • That time of year thou mayst in me behold, • When yellow leaves, or none, or few do hang • Upon those boughs which shake against the cold, • Bare ruined choirs, where late the sweet birds sang. • In me thou seest the twilight of such day, • As after sunset fadeth in the west, • Which by and by black night doth take away, • Death's second self that seals up all in rest. • In me thou seest the glowing of such fire, • That on the ashes of his youth doth lie, • As the deathbed, whereon it must expire, • Consumed by that which it was nourished by. • This thou perceivest, which makes thy love more strong, • To love that well, which thou must leave ere long.

17. Playing with the form “Ozymandias" • I met a traveller from an antique land • Who said: Two vast and trunkless legs of stone • Stand in the desert . . . Near them, on the sand, • Half sunk, a shattered visage lies, whose frown, • And wrinkled lip, and sneer of cold command • Tell that its sculptor well those passions read • Which yet survive, (stamped on these lifeless things,) • The hand that mocked them and the heart that fed: • And on the pedestal these words appear: • "My name is Ozymandias, king of kings: • Look on my works, ye Mighty, and despair!" • Nothing beside remains. Round the decay • Of that colossal wreck, boundless and bare • The lone and level sands stretch far away.