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PHOTOSYNTHESIS

PHOTOSYNTHESIS. 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O  C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2. Lesson 1: Objectives. Objectives:. Students will be able to: Explain that white light is composed of multiple colors. Understand that different colors of light have different wavelengths ( λ ) and different amounts of energy (E).

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PHOTOSYNTHESIS

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  1. PHOTOSYNTHESIS

  2. 6CO2 + 6H2O  C6H12O6 + 6O2

  3. Lesson 1: Objectives Objectives: Students will be able to: • Explain that white light is composed of multiple colors. • Understand that different colors of light have different wavelengths (λ) and different amounts of energy (E). • List the colors of the visible light spectrum. • Identify which color of light has the most energy/least energy.

  4. The Energy of Light

  5. Visible Light Spectrum • Sunlight is composed of colors with different wavelengths • ROYGBIV • Inverse relationships proof: E = hc/λ E = energy h = Planck’s constant, c = speed of light λ = wavelength -Longer wl (red/orange) = low energy -Shorter wl(violet/indigo) = greater energy

  6. Electromagnetic Spectrum

  7. HOMEWORK: Read pages 206-214 -Create an outline of the chapter & write basic notes -Be prepared for a drill based upon your HW

  8. Monday March 28, 2011: Drill • What materials come into the chloroplast that are used in the light-dependent reactions? • What material comes into the chloroplast that is used in the Calvin cycle? • What materials move out of the chloroplast from the light-dependent reactions? • What materials move out of the chloroplast from the Calvin cycle? • What materials move from the light-dependent reactions to the Calvin cycle? • What materials move from the Calvin cycle back to the light-dependent reactions

  9. Monday March 28, 2011: Drill Answers • What materials come into the chloroplast that are used in the light-dependent reactions? Light and water • What material comes into the chloroplast that is used in the Calvin cycle?Carbon dioxide • What material moves out of the chloroplast from the light-dependent reactions? oxygen • What material(s) move out of the chloroplast from the Calvin cycle? Sugars • What materials move from the light-dependent reactions to the Calvin cycle? NADPH and ATP • What materials move from the Calvin cycle back to the light-dependent reactions? NADP+ and ADP + P

  10. Objectives Students will be able to: • Understand that light energy can be converted into other forms of energy. • Explain the THREE options for light energy when it meets an object. • Define pigment. • Identify THREE pigments found in plants and tell which colors of light each pigment absorbs.

  11. Absorbed Transmitted Reflected

  12. Plant Pigment Chromatography • Lab tomorrow : goggles & apron • Read laboratory packet • View pre-lab video on YouTube http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=THqmpLdUaBA&feature=related "Electromagnetic Spectrum." 25 January 2010 <http://www.optics.arizona.edu/Nofziger/UNVR195a/Class12/EMspectrum1.gif>. Ronk. "My Perpetual Motion Machine." 20 September 2009. Weekends in Paradelle. 27 January 2010 <http://paradelle.files.wordpress.com/2009/09/crookes_radiometer.jpg?w=210&h=273>. "work." The American Heritage® New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy, Third Edition. Houghton Mifflin Company, 2005. 26 Jan. 2010. <Dictionary.com

  13. Thursday March 31, 2011 Class: -Review Quiz -Discuss Lab Report (title page, introduction, procedure, biblio) PHOTOSYNTHESIS lecture HW:Chromatography questions due Friday April 1, 2011 Chemistry Placement Exams Friday April 1, 2011 Lab Report Photosynthesis due Wednesday April 6, 2011

  14. Photosynthesis • Method of converting sun energy into chemical energy (organic compounds-glucose) usable by cells • In specialized structures of plant cells called chloroplasts -Light absorbing pigment molecules e.g. chlorophyll • Autotrophs: organisms capable of making their own food • Photoautotrophs: use sun energy e.g. plants & photosynthesis • Chemoautotrophs: use chemical energy e.g. bacteria that use sulfide or methane chemosynthesis-makes organic compounds from chemical energy contained in sulfide or methane

  15. 6CO2 + 6 H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 + 6O2+ 6H2O • Carbohydrate made is glucose • H2O is split as a source of e- from hydrogen atoms releasing O2 as a byproduct • E- increase potential energy when moved from water to sugar therefore energy is required

  16. Light-dependent Reactions Overview: light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll molecules-this light energy excites electrons and boosts them to higher energy levels. They are trapped by electron acceptor molecules that are poised at the start of a neighboring transport system. The electrons “fall” to a lower energy state, releasing energy that is harnessed to make ATP

  17. Tuesday 4/5/2011 Drill Which reaction occurs in the chloroplast? What is the purpose of the stoma? What is the product of the light-dependent reaction? Which electron carriers are generated and move from the light dependent reactions to the light-independent reactions?

  18. Light-dependent Reactions • Photosystem: light capturing unit, contains chlorophyll, the light capturing pigment • e- transport system: sequence of e- carrier molecules that shuttle e-, energy released to make ATP • e- in chlorophyll must be replaced so that cycle may continue-these electrons come from water molecules, oxygen is liberated from the light reactions • Light reactions yield ATP and NADPH used to fuel the reactions of the Calvin cycle (light independent or dark reactions)

  19. Calvin Cycle aka Light-Independent Reaction/Dark Reaction • ATP and NADPH generated in light reactions fuel the reactions to break apart CO2 & reassemble the carbons into C6H12O6 • Carbon fixation: taking C from an inorganic molecule (atmospheric CO2) to produce an organic molecule (C6H12O6)

  20. PHOTOSYNTHESIS ANIMATION photosynthesis animation • http://www.ftexploring.com/me/photosyn1.html

  21. WHIP AROUND True/False Photosystem II follows Photosystem I

  22. WHIP AROUND True/ False Chlorophyll absorbs green wavelengths and carotene reflects them

  23. WHIP AROUND True/False NADPH and ATP are generated during the light-dependent reactions and used in the dark reactions

  24. WHIP AROUND True/False The Calvin cycle cannot take place in the path of sunlight

  25. WHIP AROUND True/False The stoma is the exit/entry point into the leaf and the stroma is the site of the light- independent reaction

  26. WHIP AROUND True/False I DON’T HAVE A CLUE WHAT’S GOING ON WITH ALL THE CONVERTED FORMS OFENERGY FROM SUNLIGHT!!!

  27. Small groups of students should each place a sprig of elodea (an underwater plant often used in household aquariums) into a test tube. Cut the stem of the plant at an angle so that students can see the cross-section of the stem. Add a pinch of baking soda to the test tube, then place the tube into a beaker filled with water. Finally, place the whole assembly under a heat lamp. Within 10 minutes, students will start to see bubbles rising from the end of the stem; the plant is producing oxygen, indicating photosynthes Read more: Photosynthesis Activities for High School | eHow.com http://www.ehow.com/list_6063372_photosynthesis-activities-high-school.html#ixzz1nAtNjusb

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