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Elections. Why…. …have elections become so in vogue? Democracy is a happy word! Give voters choice Allow state to mobilize citizens. Electoral Systems. Single Members District Plurality Proportional Representation List PR Duverger’s Law Conditions for SMDP Bias
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Why… • …have elections become so in vogue? • Democracy is a happy word! • Give voters choice • Allow state to mobilize citizens
Electoral Systems • Single Members District Plurality • Proportional Representation • List PR • Duverger’s Law • Conditions for SMDP Bias • Small party has strength concentrated, may not be hurt by SMDP • Fewer districts more likely small parties will be hurt
Electoral Systems • Which leads to more participation? • Which leads to closer ties between citizen and government?
Paradox of Voting • Is it irrational to take the time to vote? • Vote v. die on ways to poll • Two issues • Individual-level • Who benefits from voting?
Bases of Choice • Issues • Party identification • Social groups • Demographics