Digestive System

1. Digestive System After the test: • Complete “L” column of your skeletal system packet. (List 5 things you learned - graded) • Get a Digestive System Packet and put your name on it. • Complete the “K” and “W” columns on p. 1 of your new packet (3 – 5). • Complete the “Please Do Now…” on p. 2 of your new packet.

2. Digestive System Activating Strategy: Please Do Now Write 5 lines: How does your body and it’s digestive system work like a car?

3. Digestive System Your Body’s Engine: • A car and your body need gas/food to work properly. • The engine of a car burns fuel for energy. Your body cells also get energy from burning it’s fuel (food). • After fuel is burned in the engine of a car, it leaves waste products that come out of the exhaust system. Our bodies also produce waste from burning fuel. • A car and our bodies need regular “check-ups” or maintenance to work properly. • They both have many complex parts that must work together.

4. Digestive System LEQ: What is the purpose of the digestive system?

5. Digestive System Words to Know: • Enzymes

6. Digestive System The Digestive System: Is made up of the digestive tract - a series of hollow organs joined in a long, twisting tube from the mouth to the anus. Throughout the digestive system, a layer of smooth muscle helps break down food and move it along the tract.

7. Digestive System Organs of the digestive system: • Mouth (Salivary Glands) • Esophagus • Stomach • Liver • Small intestine • Large intestine(colon) • Pancreas • Gallbladder

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17. Digestive System Student Activity: Quick Check for Learning Label the parts of the digestive system

18. The Digestive System Quick Check for Learning: Esophagus Salivary Glands Liver Stomach Gall Bladder Pancreas Small Intestine Colon

19. Digestive System Activating Strategy: Please Do Now On page 6 of your packet, write 3 lines to respond to this statement: Why do we need the organs of the digestive system?

20. Digestive System Words to Know: • Digestion • Peristalsis • Chyme

21. Digestive System Video: Bill Nye the Science Guy – The Digestive System Instructions: As you watch the video, write 10 things that you learn about the Digestive System on page 6. Be sure to define all “Words to Know” as they are presented in the video.

22. Digestive System Bill Nye the Science Guy - Digestive System

23. Digestive System What is Digestion? Digestion- • breaking down food into a form the body can use to build and nourish cells. • eliminate waste.

24. Digestive System In the mouth your teeth crush food into small pieces. Begins in the mouth where Enzymes in saliva break down food further.

25. In the mouth your teeth crush food into small pieces. Enzymes in saliva break down food further. As food enters the throat the epiglottis blocks the trachea (swallow).

26. Digestive System

27. Digestive System Quick Check for Learning: Pair Share Where does the process of digestion begin? The mouth What is the name given to the glands that secrete enzymes to break down food in the mouth? Salivary Glands What is the flap of skin called that helps food enter the esophagus when we swallow? The epiglottis

28. Digestive System In the mouth your teeth crush food into small pieces. Enzymes in saliva break down food further. As food enters the throat the epiglottis blocks the trachea (swallow). Muscles contract and relax pushing the food.

29. Digestive System How does food move through the digestive system? • Peristalsis – smooth muscle tissue contracts to propel food through the digestive system. Peristalsis looks like an ocean wave traveling through the muscle. The contractions create a narrowing which propels food slowly down the length of the digestive track.

30. Digestive System Peristalsis (outside organs)

31. Digestive System Peristalsis

32. In the mouth your teeth crush food into small pieces. Enzymes in saliva break down food further. As food enters the throat the epiglottis blocks the trachea. Muscles contract and relax pushing the food. Food enters the stomach -- strong acid & enzymes turn the food into a thin “soup”.

33. Digestive System What is this thin “soup” called? • Chyme - the semi-fluid mass of partially digested food expelled by the stomach

34. In the mouth your teeth crush food into small pieces. Enzymes in saliva break down food further. As food enters the throat the epiglottis blocks the trachea. Muscles contract and relax pushing the food. Food enters the stomach -- strong acid & enzymes turn the food into a thin “soup” (chyme). Food enters the small intestine whereparticles are absorbed into the blood.

35. . In the mouth your teeth crush food into small pieces. Enzymes in saliva break down food further. As food enters the throat the epiglottis blocks the trachea. Muscles contract and relax pushing the food. Food enters the stomach -- strong acid & enzymes turn the food into a thin “soup”. Food enters the small intestine whereparticles are absorbed into the blood. Matter that cannot be absorbed enters the colon where water is absorbed. When it is full, solid waste is removed from body.

36. Digestive System Quick Check for Learning: Pair Share How is food pushed through the digestive system? Peristalsis Hydrochloric acid and the enzymes found in the stomach along with the muscles constantly churning and mixing food turns it into: Chyme In what organ does most digestion occur? The small intestine

37. Digestive System In the mouth your teeth crush food into small pieces. Enzymes in saliva break down food further. As food enters the throat the epiglottis blocks the trachea. Muscles contract and relax pushing the food. Food enters the stomach -- strong acid & enzymes turn the food into a thin “soup”. Food enters the small intestine where particles are absorbed into the blood. Matter that cannot be absorbed enters the colon where water is absorbed. When it is full, solid waste is removed from body.

38. Digestive System Independent Activity: Type II Writing • Your body needs food for energy. • To help you remember some important facts about your digestive system, imagine you are the editor of a magazine. Your readers want answers to the following questions. • In your notes respond to one of the following questions:

39. Digestive System Dear Editor, • Please explain why the process of digestion is so important. or • What job does the small intestine perform in the digestive process? Why is this important? or • What happens to the food that cannot be completely digested (absorbed into the bloodstream)?

40. Digestive System Answer: Why is digestion important? • When you eat foods—such as bread, meat, and vegetables—they are not in a form that the body can use as nourishment. Food and drink must be changed into smaller molecules of nutrients before they can be absorbed into the blood and carried to cells throughout the body.

41. Digestive System Answer: What job does the small intestine perform in the digestion process? • With the help of the pancreas, liver, and gallbladder,the small intestine is the organ that is responsible for breaking down most of the food. These organs send different juices to the first part of the small intestine. These juices help to digest food and allow the body to absorb nutrients.Food can spend as much as 4 hours in the small intestine. It is from here that nutrients enter the blood.

42. Digestive System Answer: What happens when food cannot be completely digested? • Within our digestive system food is broken down into a form that can be used by our bodies. Food that cannot be digested (fibers) are sent to the large intestine. In the large intestine, all the water is removed and eventually what remains is excreted from the body in the form of solid waste.

43. Digestive System Summarizer: Give one/Get one What is the purpose of the digestive system? It breaks down our food into a form our bodies can use! It helps the body remove waste!

44. Digestive System Movement of food through the system: • Several factors affect emptying of the stomach, including the kind of food and the degree of muscle action of the emptying stomach and the small intestine. Carbohydrates, for example, spend the least amount of time in the stomach, while protein stays in the stomach longer, and fats the longest.

45. Digestive System Movement of food through the system: • The small intestine breaks down the food mixture even more so your body can absorb all the vitamins, minerals, proteins, carbohydrates, and fats – with the help of three friends: the pancreas, liver, and gallbladder. • These organs send different juices to the first part of the small intestine. These juices help to digest food and allow the body to absorb nutrients. • Food may spend as much as 4 hours in the small intestine.

46. Digestive System Movement of food through the system: • Finally, the digested nutrients are absorbed through the intestinal walls and transported throughout the body. The waste products of this process include undigested parts of the food, known as fiber. These materials are pushed into the colon, where they remain until the feces are expelled by a bowel movement.

47. Digestive System The Magic School Bus LUNCH