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1. Operating Systems and the GUI Environment Use these buttons to change slides or Return to the previous slide.

2. INTRODUCTION Welcome to the Operating System & GUI Training Module In this module, you will learn about operating systems and the graphical user interface or GUI. These concepts are used throughout the computer industry.

3. Objectives Learners should be able to: • Recognize the most popular Operating Systems and describe their characteristics. • Give a brief history of the development of Operating Systems. • Describe the role of Operating Systems in Technology .

4. Objectives continued 4. Perform basic GUI tasks and skills including, but not limited to: Starting Programs Highlighting Drag and Drop Left & Right Click Double Click File Management

5. SKILLS CHECKLIST • Throughout the presentation will be CHALLENGE ACTIVITIES. • When you see the icon, be ready to complete the Challenge Activities. 3. These activities will be added to your portfolio upon completion of this Training Module.

6. What is a GUI? Pronounced “gooey.” Invented by Doug Englehart at Stanford Research Institute (SRI) during the early 1960's. Applied to computers in 1973 by researchers at Xerox Palo Alto Research Center (PARC). Alto computer had the first GUI and mouse.

7. GUI continued During the GUI development, Steve Jobs visited PARC and was shown this new technology. Jobs then re-created the GUI and mouse combining them into the MACINTOSH COMPUTER.

8. "The Triumph of the Nerds" Aired by PBS (Public Broadcasting Service). Was a 3 part series covering the history of the computer industry. Included interviews with Steve Jobs and PARC employees. Fascinating to those who love history.

9. WINDOWS EVOLUTION Developed by Bill Gates. Based in part on cooperative development projects he had with Apple. Apple would later threaten to sue Microsoft for stealing ideas from its GUI to create Windows.

10. OPERATING SYSTEMS Operating systemsare the master control program that runs the computer. Contained on every general-purpose computer and runs other programs. Loaded when the computer is turned on and resides in memory.

11. OS BASIC TASKS • Programs "talk to" the operating system which: • Receives input from the keyboard & mouse. • Sends output to the display screen. • Keeps track of files and directories. • Controls peripheral devices such as drives & printers.

12. OS ADVANCED TASKS For large systems, the operating system has greater responsibilities . Makes sure that different programs running simultaneously do not interfere with each other. Is responsible for security , ensuring that unauthorized users do not access the system.

13. OS CHARACTERISTICS 1. Multi-user. 2. Multi-processing. 3. Multi-tasking.

14. MULTI-USER Provides a shell or interface for interaction between the user and the operating system. Allows two or more users to run programs at the same time--up to 100s or 1,000s of concurrent users.

15. MULTI-PROCESSING Supports running a program on more than one CPU. The CPU or central processing unit is the “brain” of the computer. Windows NT allows two processors in a workstation & 4 or more in a server.

16. MULTI-TASKING Allows more than one program to run concurrently. Controls through task management the simultaneous execution of programs.

17. Desktop OS vs. Network OS Main difference is multi-user capability. Operating systems (such asDOS) are single user, designed for one person at a desktop computer. Novell, Windows NT, Windows 2000, Linux and UNIX are network operating systems designed to manage multiple user requests at the same time.

18. DOS APPLE OS2 WINDOWS UNIX TYPES OF OS

19. DOS Acronym for disk operating system. Is most often used as a shorthand for MS-DOS (Microsoft Disk Operating System). Developed for IBM, MS-DOS was the standard OS for IBM-compatible personal computers. Does not support multiple users, multitasking or networking.

20. APPLE Developed early Graphical User Interface (GUI). Introduced in 1983 on its Lisa computer. Established as the Macintosh GUI. Its influence can be found in other operating systems, such as Microsoft Windows. Is only approximately 10% of the market.

21. WINDOWS Has become the standard operating system for personal computers. Dominates the personal computer world; estimated to run on 90% of all PCs. Provides a multi-tasking, networking capability and support for peripheral devices. Includes 95/98, NT, 2000 & XP.

22. WINDOWS INTERACTION User enters commands by pointing and clicking at objects/icons. Results in the commands being sent to processor for execution. Windows can be networked and can multi-task.

23. UNIX Pronounced yoo-niks, a popular multi-user, multi-tasking operating system. Developed at Bell Labs in the early 1970s. Created by programmers and used mostly by programmers.

24. UNIX continued Does not have a user-friendly reputation. Changing, however, with graphical user interfaces such as MOTIF. Due to its flexibility, and power, it’s becoming a more popular OS for workstations. Undergoing a revitalization as Linux.

25. OS2 Developed Microsoft and IBM, but sold and managed solely by IBM. Is compatible with DOS and Windows. Programs written specifically to run under OS/2 will not run under DOS or Windows.

26. OS2 continued Hampered by a number of technical and marketing problems. Abandoned by Microsoft in favor of its own operating system solution, Microsoft Windows. Spawned a feud between the two computer giants that is still being played out in many arenas.

27. MOUSE USE WITH A GUI The pointing device that is used in Windows is called a mouse. The primary mouse button is the left mouse button. The secondary mouse button is the right mouse button. Users employ the mouse to point, click, right-click, double-click, and drag.

28. MOUSE USE WITH A GUI Point means to move the mouse until the mouse pointer rests an item on the desktop. Click means to press and release the primary mouse button (left).

29. BASIC WINDOWS SKILLS The next several slides are WINDOWSscreens. They present examples of Windows skills that all users should strive to master.

30. Classic WINDOWS Desktop

31. Point here to begin. Click on the Start Button. WINDOWS

32. These right arrows show the command will open a Submenu. Icons Run, Log Off, Shut Down are followed by an ellipsis (…) which indicates more information is required to execute these commands. You will see this menu, called the START menu, which is a list of commands directing WINDOWS to perform. WINDOWS

33. Programs command highlighted More Programs Submenu Programs Submenu WINDOWS

34. See Challenge Activity

35. Short-Cut Menu Desktop Control Menu WINDOWS Right- Click your mouse button to get this menu. 1

36. Scroll down to properties. • Click ONE time with your left mouse button.

37. Select your background here. • Then click OK.

38. Select your screen saver here. • Then click OK.

39. Double-clicking a Window Point to the MY COMPUTER Icon, then double-click by quickly pressing and releasing the left mouse button twice without moving the mouse. The MY COMPUTER window will open.

40. Maximize Button My Computer Icon Minimize Button Close Window Button Active Window

41. Minimized My Computer Click one time here to reopen this WINDOW TASKBAR

42. Maximize Button Active Window

43. Active Window

44. MY COMPUTER INFO Shows the drives & devices on your system. Indicates mapped network drives. Install, delete and configure printers. Allows user to set parameters for displays, backgrounds, etc. Provides interface for control of computer. environment & installing/removing programs.

45. Hardware on the Computer Networks Attached to Folders Icons & Titles Active Window

46. 3. Double-Click on the Control Panel Folder. This will open another WINDOW. CONTROL PANEL INFO

47. Use the “Add/Remove” when installing & uninstalling programs. ADD/REMOVE PROGRAMS

48. Expanded Control Panel shows options for setting environment and control-ling computer devices and settings. Click the icon to activate options for various areas.

49. 1. Point to the My Computer Title Bar (Blue) TO DRAG OR MOVE A WINDOW 2. Click ONCE and hold down the left mouse button.

50. TO DRAG OR MOVE A WINDOW 3. Push until you have moved the WINDOW to the location on the Desktop you wanted and THEN release the left mouse button.