BASIC GROUP PROCESS / INTERPROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION

1. BASIC GROUP PROCESS / INTERPROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION N 311 Communication in Nursing Unit D

2. Definition: Group • Webster: A number of individuals assembled together or having common interests. • May be single meeting or series of meetings • Two or more people forming a complete unit collective perception of unity. • Members must have ability to act in collective manner toward perceive need and goal

3. Various Types of Groups • Work group • Social group • Educational group • Religious group • Treatment group • Support group • Community group • Governing group

4. Roles of ParticipantsDemocratic Roles • Initiator • Orientor • Facilitator • Encourager • Harmonizer • Summarizer • Fact-Seeker • Fact-giver

5. Roles of ParticipantsDemocratic Roles • Compromiser • Expeditor • Spokesman • Status-Role • Recorder • Evaluator • Analyzer

6. Roles of ParticipantsDominative roles • Aggressor • Blocker • Recognition – seeker • Dodger • Playboy/Playgirl • Dominator • Help-seeker • Special-Interest Pleader • Blamer • Monopolizer

7. Behaviors of Healthy Group • Members speak up • Decisions discussed general consensus • Well-informed members ideas • Member’s value judged on merit • All members handle questions/ concerns • Major issues mature approaches • Major issues = major time

8. Behaviors of Healthy Group(cont) • Minor issues = attention as needed • Understanding each other’s ideas, plans, & proposals • Objectives centered on goals and tasks • Decisions – participation, final, satisfaction • Performance of tasks = achievement of goals

9. Behaviors of Healthy Group(cont) • Members set goals  work toward change • Rewards & criticisms are shared • Initiative & responsibility • Ability to seek help • Group feedback • Respect for each member • Experience growth in responsibility • Action  group related

10. Behaviors of Sick Group • Talking done by few members • Most members mumble assent • Competent member(s) silent • New people – not heard • Decision-making  committees • Minor & simple issues  anger • Minor issues - major time • Major issues – minimal time

11. Behaviors of Sick Group (cont) • Discussion of subjects that were already settled • Quick judgments w/o understanding • Scapegoating • Accomplishment minimal w/o chairperson • Afraid of change

12. Behaviors of Sick Group (cont) • Rewards & criticisms concentrated on specific few • Dependence - initiative & responsibility • Resources outside of group minimal • Minimal communication to members • Member’s value not respected • Action remains static; lacks growth and expansion • Action is self-centered

13. Productivity of Group • Clear purpose • Freedom for members to contribute • Plan clearly defined roles • Responsibility clearly defined • Mutual & constructive criticism progress  group purpose • Strengthening of personal worth

14. Productivity of Group • Minds open to change • Friendly, responsible, appreciative, participative atmosphere • Tasks performed wholehearted cooperation, mutual respect • Personal satisfaction from achievement by all • Respect and value for personalities

15. Productivity of Group • Activity of group  goal oriented, task-centered & person related. • Satisfaction for each member  provides for personal growth • Members feel worthwhile

16. Principles of Group Satisfaction • Respect for individual integrity • Member support of contribution • Avoidance of“being used”or “taken advantage of” • Rotation of responsibilities  opportunity to experience roles and exercise initiatives

17. Principles of Group Satisfaction • Open channels of communication • Continuous evaluation of purpose • Evaluation of member role, performance, and degree of member expectation • Respect for group, it’s purpose and actions

18. Principles of Group Satisfaction • Induction, orientation of new members in satisfying roles for effective participation • Member opportunity to explore new or various interests that differ from routine • Encouragement of leadership  member discover self-potential

19. Principles of Group Satisfaction • Progressive development of skills and knowledge • Recognition of good performance w/ sincere appreciation • Planning when group relationship ends

20. 5 Stages of Group Development(Tuckman) • Forming • Storming • Norming • Performing • Adjourning

28. Civility in Nursing • Mutual respect • People feel valued • Duty to be civil does not require us to like the other person or team members • Resolve differences respectfully

29. Incivility • Rude • Disruptive • Intimidating • Taunting • Racial/ethnic slurs • Undesirable behaviors directed toward another person

30. Strategies to Promote Civility • Know your triggers • Assess your own behavior • Don’t jump to conclusions or assume you know another’s motives • Walk in the other person shoes • Resist listening to gossip • Resist looking for someone to blame Source: American Nurses Association

31. Strategies to Promote Civility • Take the “temperature” of your unit • Listen more, talk less • Seek common ground • Go out of your way to say thank you • When you receive credit for something, spread the credit to those who helped you • Make it safe for other’s to approach you

33. Intervention: Cognitive Rehearsal • Rehearsed direct responses •  I see from your expression there is something....... •   I learn most from people who communicate directly.. •   When things are different from what I learned..... •   It is my understanding that there was more information....... •   I don’t feel right talking about this.... •   I don’t feel right talking about him/her.... Griffin, 2004

34. Intervention: Cognitive Rehearsal Continued • "Maybe you aren't aware of it, Beth, but I'm having a problem with your comments, and I would like you to stop." • "It's difficult for me to focus on what I'm doing, when you are constantly commenting on my performance."

35. Professional Communication Skills : Patient Safety • CUS-Concerned, Uncomfortable, Safety  • To advocate for patient • To advocate for self • Two challenge rule • Check back

36. Professional Communication Skills • ISBAR • Everything, anything for practice • Your car: • Introduction – Identify yourself (name, role, location) • Situation – What type of car are you in right now? • Background – How did you get in your current car (precipitating factor)? • Assessment – What is the current state of your car? • Recommendation – What is the next step in your car journey?

37. Next - Week 6 LAST SESSION Unit C/D/Final Exam Exam 60 POINTS