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Mapping Manitoba First Nations Tuberculosis History 1940-1965

Mapping Manitoba First Nations Tuberculosis History 1940-1965. Inaugural Lecture Series Mary Jane McCallum Department of History. Manitoba NEAHR New Investigator Award.

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Mapping Manitoba First Nations Tuberculosis History 1940-1965

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  1. Mapping Manitoba First Nations Tuberculosis History1940-1965 Inaugural Lecture Series Mary Jane McCallum Department of History

  2. Manitoba NEAHR New Investigator Award • A Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) imitative awarded by the Manitoba Network Environment for Aboriginal Health Research (NEAHR) • The NEAHR is based at the Manitoba First Nations Centre for Aboriginal Health Research, University of Manitoba

  3. Manitoba NEAHR Network Environment for Aboriginal Health Research • The NEAHR aims to develop a sustainable and collaborative research environment for First Nations, Inuit and Métis Communities. • It does so through a variety of funding initiatives including: • Graduate Student Fellowships and Grants • The “Summer Research Internship Program” for undergraduate students • ‘New Investigator’ Award for Faculty • Other faculty research initiatives • For more about the Manitoba NEAHR, see http://umanitoba.ca/centres/centre_aboriginal_health_research/index.html

  4. Tuberculosis: The Disease • an infectious disease contracted by inhalation • neck glands and the lungs • fatigue, coughing, weight loss • deadly in conditions of poverty

  5. First Nations TB in Manitoba • more Aboriginal people proceeded from being infected to having active, serious and deadly cases of the disease • Until 1940s, minimal health care provisions • The Sanatorium Board of Manitoba and the Indian Health Services Branch worked together to manage a racially-segregated program of surveying, institutionalization and rehabilitation.

  6. Indian Sanatoria in Manitoba • Brandon Sanatorium, 1947-1959 • Beds: 250 • Location, Brandon, MB Clearwater Lake Indian Hospital, 1945-1958 Beds: 160 Location: Near the Pas, MB • Dynevor Indian Hospital, 1940-1958 • Beds: 50 • Location: Selkirk, MB

  7. Rehabilitation • Education – in class and “in ward” • Occupational Therapy – focus on “handwork” • embroidery, beadwork, knitting, leather and wood work, soapstone carvings, weaving, basketry, hooking, drawing and painting, needlework and crochet. • Exhibiting and Selling of craftwork • Labour programs • “pre-vocational instruction” (elementary and high school education) • vocational training • training on the job (in such fields as book keeping, typewriting, electricity, mechanical drafting) • post-sanatorium employment placement and follow-up

  8. Closure of the Sanatoria • Antibiotics helped to bring TB “under control” in Canada. • By the end of 1965, the three Indian hospitals, Dynevor, Clearwater Lake and Brandon, had all ceased to be hospitals for exclusively First Nations TB patients. • Yet TB rates have made a comeback in First Nations communities • the conditions in which the disease prevails – poverty and a lack of good, affordable housing – have not been addressed.

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