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Progressive Era

Progressive Era. Chapter 20. Progressive Origins. Questions to think about. What role did women and women’s organizations play in the reforms of the progressive era? How did these reforms effect women?.

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Progressive Era

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  1. Progressive Era Chapter 20

  2. Progressive Origins

  3. Questions to think about What role did women and women’s organizations play in the reforms of the progressive era? How did these reforms effect women? What changes to Politics and government did progressive reformers advocate at the local, state, and federal levels? How did government change as a result of their reforms? How did Woodrow Wilson’s progressivism differ from that of Theodore Roosevelt? In what ways was it similar to Roosevelt’s?

  4. Overview Progressives demand change Anti-individualism Antimonopoly Mass Immigration Governments for human welfare not corporate greed

  5. Belief in Progress Society is capable of Improvement Natural Laws, laissez faire, and Social Darwinism is “Reckless” Direct Human intervention in social and economic was necessary

  6. “Muckrakers” Committed to expose scandal, corruption, and injustice to public Targets Trusts Railroad Government Ida Tarbell Lincoln Steffens “Shame of the Cities” Jacob Riis “How the other half Lives”

  7. Social Gospel Social Justice Settlement House Jan Addams Salvation Army Walter Rauschenbusch “Human Salvation” Only enlightened experts could bring equality

  8. The Professions Women What Did they Want? -Separation of qualified and Unqualified -Keep some groups out -to keep their #’s down to ensure demand -Better working conditions -better pay -equality of pay Skilled Workers Doctors Workers (Labor) Businessmen Farmers

  9. Women Few professional opportunities Teachers Nurses Secretaries

  10. “The New Women” Middle Class Jane Adams Lillian Wald Frances Willard More time Better Technology and smaller families “Boston Marriages”

  11. The Club Women WTUL “GFWC” General Federation of Women’s Clubs Social to Political “Mothers Pensions”

  12. Women’s Suffrage National Women’s Party “Alice Paul” Elizabeth Cady Stanton 19th Amendment Less Combative NAWSA -Anna Howard Shaw -Carrie Chapman Catt Blacks get to Vote Women should

  13. The Assault on the Parties Reform Government 1st Only Government can make Changes Control the Political Parties

  14. Start at the Bottom Municipal Reform Commission Plan Direct Primary & Recall Initiative and Referendum City Manager Plan 17th Amendment Robert La Follette Tom Johnson

  15. The Assault on the Parties • Parties and Interest Groups • Decline of Party Influence Voter Participation in Presidential Elections, 1876-1920

  16. Sources of Progressive Reform Labor Triangle Shirtwaist Company AF of L Union Labor Party Sam Gompers Party Bosses and Reform 146 Dead

  17. Western Progressives African Americans And Reform Disputes over Water Little local or state reform W.E.B Dubois Federal Land

  18. Crusade for Social Order and Reform Temperance Nativism WCTU Women’s Christian Temperance Union Eugenics Madison Grant “The Passing of the Great Race” Francis Willard 18th Amendment Immigration Restrictions

  19. Total Immigration, 1900-1920 Sources of Immigration, 1900-1920

  20. Dream of Socialism Socialist Party “Eugene Debs” Wobblies William “Big Bill” Haywood Good Trust Bad Trust Louis Brandies “Others Peoples Money”

  21. Teddy RooseveltThe First Modern President McKinley Assassination Used all the Power of the President Member of the New York Legislature 42 Years Old Cautious Change Rancher New York City Police Commissioner

  22. 1902 Coal Strike Settlement 10% Raise 9 Hour Work Day

  23. Square Deal

  24. Square Deal Part 1The Corporations Good Trusts Bad Trusts 1st Trust Busted Interstate Commerce Commission took to long Northern Securities (JP Morgan) 1906 Hepburn Act 1903 Elkins Act

  25. Square Deal Part 2Consumers 1906 Meat Inspection Act 1906 Pure Food and Drug Act Upton Sinclair

  26. “Multiple-Use Resource Management” Square Deal Part 3Resource Conservation 1872 Yellow Stone Park 1894 Forest Reserve Act 1902 Newlands Act

  27. Establishment of National Parks and Forests

  28. HetchHetchy Controversy Dam No Dam

  29. Sierra Club John Muir

  30. Roosevelt Panic • 1907 Panic • Blamed panic on attack on trusts • Aldrich-Vreeland Act 1908 • Emergency currency • - US Steel Buys Tennessee Coal and Iron

  31. Election of 1908

  32. Taft in TR’s shadow Lacked TR’s personality ” • Domestic Policy • 1. Trust Buster • 90 law suits 4 years • TR 44 law suits in 7 years • 2. 1911 Standard Oil • Against Sherman anti-trust • “Rule of reason • Foreign Policy • 1. Foreign investment • US interest only • 2. Manchuria • Monopoly • Against open door

  33. 1912 Convention Fight

  34. “Bull Moose” in 1912

  35. Wilson: 42% Roosevelt: 27% Taft:23%

  36. Wilson

  37. The New Freedom “Triple wall of privilege” • Underwood tariff • 40% to 25% • Income tax • 1% over $4,000

  38. Wilson the Banks and the Trusts

  39. Wilson Full Blown Progressivism • 1916 Federal Farm Loan Act • 1916 Warehouse Act • 1915 La Follette Seamen Act • 1916 Workers Comp Act • 1916 Child labor law • 1916 Adamson Act • 8 Hour work Day • Appointed Louis Brandeis (1st Jewish person to Supreme Court)

  40. New Freedom Not for All Women’s Suffrage Ending Segregation

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