Chapter 11 Pg. 331-342

1. Technology, Culture, and Everyday Life, 1840-1860 Chapter 11Pg. 331-342

2. Chapter 11 (2nd half) Themes • American Culture • American Entertainment: Newspapers, Theater, Circus • American Literature: Transcendentalism, Fiction, and Poetry

3. Newspapers • In the 1830’s newspapers drastically changed in the U.S. • New Technology • Cheaper prices (Penny Papers: New York Sun) • Human interest stories over Politics

4. The Theater • Theater attendance increased in the 1800’s • Cheap tickets ($.12-$.50) • Audience included lawyers, merchants, wives, artisans, sailors, “noisy” boys, prostitutes • Rowdy Audiences (Astor Palace Riots) • William Shakespeare

5. Minstrel Shows • 1800’s plays depicted stereotypical images of people • Ideal American (rustic, clever, patriotic) • Black American (Buffoonish, easily fooled, clumsy) • Minstrel Shows became popular

6. P.T. Barnum • P.T. Barnum in the 1830’s moved to NY and started to create a business on Popular Entertainment • Started the original “Circus”

7. Roots of the American Renaissance • In the 1800’s the U.S. experienced a movement named the American Renaissance • Romanticism • Increased technology led to cheaper and more readily available literature • Fiction/Novels

8. Cooper, Emerson, Thoreau, Fuller, and Whitman • James Fenimore Cooper-American fictional character (Natty Bumppo); Featured in The Last of the Mohicans, The Pathfinder, The Deerslayer • Ralph Waldo Emerson-Led the Transcendentalist Movement • Henry David Thoreau- “Walden” • Fuller-Went against the Separate Spheres Doctrine • Whitman-Preeminent American Poet • “O’ Captain my Captain”

9. Hawthorne, Melville, and Poe • Hawthorne, Melville, and Poe wrote primarily fiction and some poetry • Writings had unique settings