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The Brain Team. Fatoma. Maysa. Marcie. Hany Soliman. Suha. Child’s Brain Development. Brain Development. During the first and second trimester of development, over 200 billion neurons are created. A child is born with 100 billion brain cells.
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The Brain Team Fatoma. Maysa. Marcie. Hany Soliman. Suha.
Brain Development • During the first and second trimester of development, over 200 billion neurons are created. • A child is born with 100 billion brain cells. • A toddler’s brain has twice as many neural connections as a fully matured adult. • By age five or six, a child’s brain has reached 90 – 95% of its adult volume and is four times its birth size.
Critical Periods of Brain Development • Visual and auditory development • Language development • Physical and motor development • Emotional and social development
Conclusion • The development of a child’s brain holds the key to the child’s future. Although the “first years last forever” in terms of the rapid development of young children’s brains, the actual first years of a child’s life go by very quickly. So touch, talk, read, smile, sing, count and play with your children. It does more than make both of you feel good. It helps a child’s brain develop and nourishes the child’s potential for a lifetime.
When youleave me it hurts me so much Call it pressure. Call it great expectations. Whatever its name the result is the same: school stress. Signs of kids-school stress include: • Fears and nightmares. "It's not the thing they fear but the fact that they are more fearful," Bryant says. • Stomachaches and headaches. These kinds of complaints show that kids are stressed. "Parents are right in thinking that there is something more to it than a physical illness," Bryant says. • "But it is not that the kid is just making it up. They may want to avoid something, but they are really feeling it. It may be their way of trying to cope with too much stress." • Negativism and lying. "One way of dealing with this is accepting the lie without exaggerating it as a problem," Bryant advises. "Say, ‘ • It would be nice if that were the case.' You give them credit for a good idea. That can be very effective. • The parent doesn't accept the lie and doesn't reject the child's feelings. It keeps the parent and child in conversation. You recognized where the lie came from -- the child really wishes it were true." • Withdrawal, regressive behavior, or excessive shyness. • Know your child's temperament. Not all children mature at the same pace. Some children are slow to accept new things. "If you know your child angers more easily or gets more aggressive or upset than other children, help them find some kind of outlet," DeBord suggests. If your child needs to move after school, suggest an after-dinner bike ride. If he or she requires something calming, suggest listening to music.
Environmental Influence When kids are threatened by their parents or their environment, when they are abused, or when they are otherwise experiencing high level of stress, their brains are actually being scarred. This is according to a study by the Stanford University Medical Center and reported by the BBC News Online. The scientists discovered that the hippocampus of children with post-traumatic stress disorder had shrunk. The hippocampus is a brain structure that assists in storing and sorting memory and emotion. The withered hippocampus may make children "less able to deal with stress and increase anxiety." Should we really blame the parents? The study published in the journal Pedriatrics also revealed that stressed children had higher levels of cortisol, a stress hormone.
According to Sue Gerdhardt, a British psychoanalytic psychotherapist and the author of Why Love Matters How Affection Shapes a Toddler's Brain, in normal situations, cortisol production is not harmful, but if a toddler is left uncomforted for too long or exposed excessively to a stressful situation, the cortisol levels will spike. This is linked to depression and anxiety, and, alternately, to violence and aggression.
If cortisol is present in the child at high levels, it kills brain cells and impedes the child's intellectual development. It interferes with the brain's ability to form memory by inhibiting the use of blood sugar by the hippocampus. It also interferes with the neurotransmitters making appropriate connections within the brain, resulting in the kid's inability to concentrate and learn. In other studies, it was shown that kids who are stressed in their first 3 years tend to be sensitive to stress. Their brains are hard-wired to overreact to stressful situations and they end up hyperactive, anxious, impulsive and oftentimes neurotic
Sources of stress AT School: being away from home (ages 5 to 7) fear of wetting themselves (ages 5 to 7) fear of punishment from teacher worry about getting along with peers worry about school work fear of being chosen last on any team fear of being different from others worry about changing bodies (ages 10 to 12) Other major sources of stress divorce of parents move to new town or city being held back in school serious illness parent being called to war
Coping with Stressfor both parents and school alternately: Help your children talk about what is bothering them. Don’t force them to talk, but offer opportunities. Encourage healthy eating Tell stories about dealing with stress. For example, if your child is afraid of a new situation, tell a story about how you once felt in a similar situation and what you did to cope, Teach relaxation skill Give back rubs and hugs Teach your children that mistakes are OK and mistakes for learning. Be clear about rules and consequences for the misbehavior. Encourage physical activities. like bike, riding, hiking, or swimming
Can meditation help decrease stress for our school children?
How external factors affect the development of child’s brain?
Early childhood is the most intensive period of brain development during the lifespan. • Stimulation and nutrition are essential for development during the first tree years of life • It is during these years the child’s brain is most sensitive to the influence the external environment. • Brain development affects cognitive, social and emotional growth • Development helps each child reaches his potential and productive part of changing, global society • When the children spend their early years in a less stimulating or less emotional, brain development is affected and leads to cognitive, social and behavioral delays
Economic impact • Investing in young children is an essential component for the development of a national economy. Early opportunities for learning in combination with improved nutrition, increases the likelihood that a child will attend school and become an adult with higher income, better health, lower crime rates, and lower levels of welfare dependence than those who do not receive early development support.
Gray Evan, a researcher in the Department of Design and Environmental Analysis • Noise: Music, Conversation, Transportation • Overcrowding • Neighborhood Environment
References: • Missouri University Extension, University of Missouri-Columbia, “Child Development: Nature, Nurture and Early Brain Development” • Wesson, Kenneth A (2010, October 14) Early Brain Development and Learning. Science Master. Retrieved 14 October 2011. • Sunderland, Margot, (2006) The Science of Parenting, New York, DK Publishing. • Early Childhood Development ,World Health Organization Fact Sheet Number 332, 2009 August.
