e-Science: Global Science based on Information Utilities

1. e-Science: Global Science based on Information Utilities e- Science: networked, global science e- Communications: individual, group interfaces, collaboration services e-Information/Knowledge: persistent e-libraries, curated data, digital objects, search engines, . . . Recommendations Hans F Hoffmann; e- Science: Information Management- Varna

2. e-Science, Cyber-Infrastructure • e-Science is about more than networks, GRIDs, High Performance Computing... • e-science is about global collaboration in keys areas of science • and the next generation of infrastructure that will enable it • John Taylor, Director Research Councils, UK, 2000 • NSF Cyber-infrastructure Initiative; “Blue Ribbon Panel on Cyber-infrastructure” 2002 • e- Infrastructures initiative EU, FP 6 • . . . Hans F Hoffmann; e- Science: Information Management- Varna

3. Web • A great achievement and a fantastic idea, at the right time, making the internet available to everybody • It proves something about the benefits of assembling together urgent needs, infrastructure and smart people, and letting them interact.. • And why it is exciting to work at CERN, and in computing • And why we should not always listen to wise people who tell us that industry will always do better than we will…. D O Williams Grid: already extensively treated at NEC 2005 Hans F Hoffmann; e- Science: Information Management- Varna

4. (http://cern.ch/rsis ) Result: Education, Training and Knowledge are Keys to Development ICT are the means of storage and access, make us virtual neighbours and enableclose collaborations of distant partners Hans F Hoffmann; e- Science: Information Management- Varna

5. SUSTAINABLE development HIGH energy PHISICS • …this is the case in areas requiring significant resources across Europe, such as high energy physics, earth/environment, biology, industrial simulations… HUMAN genome eoro Met LOGY e-infrastructure - the challenge • In e-Science, there is a need to integrate services accross • distributed • heterogeneous • large • dynamic "virtual research organisations", making use of a wide set of varied resources belonging to possibly different enterprises… • … progress in this domain is also expected to have a huge impact on e-business…

6. The “super-vehicle” for information transfer GÉANT (plus NRENs*) • World leading Research Network • Connecting more than 3100 Universities and R&D centers • Over 32 countries across Europe • Connectivity to NA, Japan, … • Speeds of up to 10 Gbps • Focus on the needs of “very demanding” user communities (PoC radio astronomers) * National Research and Education Networks

7. e-Science e-Health e-Learning e-Business aeronautics genomics environment astronomy e-Infrastructure (Grids empowered) security semantic web. broadband automatic management Grid mobility Vision - creating ane-infrastructure… Global knowledge infrastructure

8. Example: ATLAS CollaborationA "virtual" large science Laboratory • Objectives • Study proton proton collisions at c.m. energies of 14 000 GeV • Milestones • R&D Experiments 1988-1995 • Letter of Intent 1992 • Technical Proposal 1994 • Approval 1996 • Start Construction 1998 • Installation 2003-06 • Exploitation 2007 - 2020 (?) • Open, collaborative culture on a world scale, formed over the past decades Particle Physics is e-Science par excellence Hans F Hoffmann; e- Science: Information Management- Varna

9. e- Communications: individual, group interfaces, collaboration services • Personal relations: • common interest • openness • trust • respect, . . . • internet (video-) telephony • VRVS, Access Grid • EDMS (https://edms.cern.ch/cedar/plsql/cedarw.site_home ) • CDS, Google scientific, . . . • Agenda maker: • More than 12000 (sometimes virtual) meetings are recorded, including all presented documents and quite often video records • CERN “Academic Training”, namely hundreds of lectures, training courses and schools, more or less openly available on the CERN-Web • cmsinfo (http://cmsinfo.cern.ch/Welcome.html/ ) • . . . Hans F Hoffmann; e- Science: Information Management- Varna

10. 10297 Hosts;5845 Registered Users in 60 Countries 42 (7 I2) Reflectors Annual Growth 2 to 3X Hans F Hoffmann; e- Science: Information Management- Varna

11. CERN and Open Access CERN Convention 1954: … shall provide … research of pure scientific and fundamental character… … shall have no concern with work for military requirements and the results of its experimental and theoretical work shall be published or otherwise made generally available. Hans F Hoffmann; e- Science: Information Management- Varna

12. Berlin Declaration 2003 • ‘To promote the Internet as a functional instrument for a global scientific knowledge base and for human reflection’ • Defines open access contributions as including: • ‘original scientific research results, raw data and metadata, source materials, digital representations of pictorial and graphical materials and scholarly multimedia material’ Hans F Hoffmann; e- Science: Information Management- Varna

13. CERN Document Server • CERN invented the preprint system in the fiftieth • CERN Library “harvests” publications, now from almost 100 sources to offer an as complete coverage of the field as possible. • CERN has started an e-archive in 1989 • SIPB: • ... It is vital that CERN establishes a policy that encourages … the development and usage of electronic publishing methods, while respecting the responsibility and the freedom of choice of individual authors … • ... All CERN Scientific Documents that are submitted to the CERN library should also be submitted to the relevant e-archive. …CERN should support and encourage publishing in low-cost, easily accessible electronic journals. • CDS contains ~800K documents, >half of all CERN induced papers are OA today; • 12K users/month, 120K searches/month, 125K distinct IP clients Hans F Hoffmann; e- Science: Information Management- Varna

14. NSF ‘Atkins’ Report on Cyberinfrastructure • ‘the primary access to the latest findings in a growing number of fields is through the Web, then through classic preprints and conferences, and lastly through refereed archival papers’. • ‘archives containing hundreds or thousands of terabytes of data will be affordable and necessary for archiving scientific and engineering information’.

15. Data • Data: • Physics data retention past and future • Keeping digital data available • In the longer term • For the public use • Particle Data Group • Limits of re-using data Hans F Hoffmann; e- Science: Information Management- Varna

16. Physics data … “Laboratory”, Karnak, Egypt > 3000 years Hans F Hoffmann; e- Science: Information Management- Varna

17. … are not always cast in stone Law of motion Galileo’s notebook ~ 1638 Hans F Hoffmann; e- Science: Information Management- Varna

18. … or on film … Bubble chamberCERN, 1973 Hans F Hoffmann; e- Science: Information Management- Varna

19. … now it is all electronic! CERN – UA1 1983 Hans F Hoffmann; e- Science: Information Management- Varna

20. Digital Curation? • In next 5 years e-Science projects will produce more scientific data than has been collected in the whole of human history • In 20 years can guarantee that the operating and spreadsheet program and the hardware used to store data will not exist • Research curation technologies and best practice • Need to liaise closely with individual research communities, data archives and libraries • Edinburgh with Glasgow, CLRC and UKOLN selected as site of DCC

21. HEP-wide data compilation:Particle Data Group (PDG) Hans F Hoffmann; e- Science: Information Management- Varna

22. Technical issues – shelf lifetechnology cycle - metadata Hans F Hoffmann; e- Science: Information Management- Varna

23. Conclusions Recommendations: e-Science: model for this century’s science Open Access: necessary ingredient Persistent Data: great challenge to scientific community Provide open, validated scientific and educational content (referees, standards, search engines, references, . . ) Scientific Community Effort: persistent Data storage Hans F Hoffmann; e- Science: Information Management- Varna