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The Korean War

The Korean War. 18.2 Notes. Post WWII Korea. Korea annexed in 1910 Japan forced to give up Korea after WWII defeat North Korea Soviet occupation Democratic People’s Republic of Korea Capital = Pyongang Kim Il Sung South Korea American occupation Pro-American government set up

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The Korean War

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  1. The Korean War 18.2 Notes

  2. Post WWII Korea • Korea annexed in 1910 • Japan forced to give up Korea after WWII defeat • North Korea • Soviet occupation • Democratic People’s Republic of Korea • Capital = Pyongang • Kim Il Sung • South Korea • American occupation • Pro-American government set up • Republic of Korea • Capital = Seoul • Syngman Rhee

  3. Douglas MacArthur • WWI and II hero • U.S. General • Phillipines • Anti-Communist • Excellent military strategist

  4. PHASE ONE • June 25th, 1950 – N.K. troops cross 38th Parallel • Surprise attack • aimed to reunite Korea by force • Soviet Union backed invasion of S.K. • United Nations came to the aid of S.K. • Soviet Union couldn’t stop UN because boycotting China’s exclusion from UN • September, 1950 – N.K. in total control of Korea • Pusan – Portion of Southeast Korea under UN protection • Truman ordered troops in Japan to support S.K. • American fleet patrolled waters between Taiwan and China

  5. Phase One Map North Korean troops move into South Korea and control all of Korea except for Pusan which is protected by the United Nations

  6. PHASE TWO • MacArthur led UN forces in Korea • believed N.K.’s supply lines stretched thin from swift invasion of S.K. – area of weakness • UN troops protecting Pusan • landed troops at Inchon in northwestern S.K. to attack enemy supply lines from behind • N.K. troops surrounded • N.K. troops driven back across 38th Parallel • US and S.K. leaders boasted about reuniting Korea under S.K. control • Chinese communists alarmed by possible pro-Western nation next door • “Home by Christmas” Offensive – drive enemy across N.K. border into China to end the war

  7. Phase Two Map US and UN forces surround N.K. troops and drive them deep into North Korea

  8. PHASE THREE • Chinese troops pour across Yalu River border and take the offensive • UN and S.K. troops pushed back into S.K. – stalemate • MacArthur proposed opening a second front and attacking China • stirred fears of WWIII • Russia has an atomic bomb • Truman opposed MacArthur’s strategy – fired for insubordination • Truman able to keep Korean War limited – 2 more years of fighting • 1953 – truce signed dividing Korea at almost the exact same place as before

  9. Phase Three Map Chinese troops cross Yalu River and drive UN, US and S.K. troops out of North Korea and back into South Korea

  10. New Border for Koreas

  11. Frustrations at Home • 55,000 Americans killed • 113,000 wounded • Americans frustrated with limited results • unsure about US government’s commitment to stopping communism

  12. “The Forgotten War” • Americans never really enthusiastic about involvement in Korea • support for Korean War veterans limited when returning home • no decisive outcome or “win” • occurred between two major wars – WWII and Vietnam • Korean War memorial erected in 1995

  13. Korean War Memorial

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