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Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. Amber Garza Kaylee Stroud Jennifer Sanchez. Patient.

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Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

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  1. Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Amber Garza Kaylee Stroud Jennifer Sanchez

  2. Patient • Viper Jackson is an inmate in a New York prison. He had complained of a dry, persistent cough and saw the doctor where a culture was taken. Later the lab reported the presence of acid fast bacteria. The culture was sent out and the identification came back Mycobacterium tuberculosis with resistance to rifampin and INH

  3. Specific Term • M. Tuberculosis is known as Multi Drug Resistant Tb (MDR-Tb).

  4. Characteristics • Cell wall composed of mycolic acid, a waxy lipid made of 60-90 carbon atoms • Capable of Intracellular growth • Are protected from lysis once they are phagocytized • May remain dormant for decades inside macrophages and in the centers of tubercles. • Acid-fast Gram Positive Bacilli • Has slow growth, divides in hours to days

  5. Characteristics Continued • Hydrophobic • Can live up to 8 months without a host • Infects respiratory tract via inhalation of respiratory droplets • Droplets are about 5 um in diameter. Minimum infectious dose is about 10 cells. • Obligate aerobes

  6. Resistance • The resistance to Rifampin is a result of chromosomal mutation that alters binding site on enzyme (Bauman 305). • INH (Isonicotinic acid hydrazide) resistance is due to random mutations of bacterial chromosomes that result in reduced drug uptake or alteration of target sites (Bauman 307).

  7. DNA Exchange Image found @www.genomenewsnetwork.org/articles/11_00/TB. M. tuberculosis in mouse macrophages. Courtesy Center for Tuberculosis Research, Johns Hopkins University Courtesy The Rockefeller University Courtesy The Rockefeller University • M. Tuberculosis exchanges DNA by forms of Transformation. They replicate freely within macrophages slowly killing them.

  8. Treatment • Combination of antibiotic therapy consisting of strepmycin, ethambutol, and/or pyrazinamide. • If successful, treatment may take as long as two years. • Dots (directly observe therapy) • The New York outbreak of 1990 cost over $1 billion to quell.

  9. Prognosis • 80% mortality rate • Most likely to die from Lung Disease • If HIV positive patient will die sooner • Will die from infection of all other organs once M. Tuberculosis spreads

  10. Precautions • Use personal protective gear • Quarantine • Monitor treatment and visit doctor frequently

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