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Nile Basin Countries . Hydro-Energy Hydro-Politics Riccardo M. Galante Prof. Scaramastra. Index. Nile Water Importance of Water Nile Basin Countries Annual freshwater withdrawals, agriculture Electricity production from hydroelectric sources Electric power consumption Geopolitics
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Nile Basin Countries Hydro-Energy Hydro-Politics Riccardo M. Galante Prof. Scaramastra
Index Nile Water • Importance of Water • Nile Basin Countries • Annual freshwater withdrawals, agriculture • Electricity production from hydroelectric sources • Electric power consumption Geopolitics • Historical back ground • Division • Hydro-hegemony • Conflict • Cooperation Word file
Importance of Water • Your body and water • The history of water Symbol in Ancient Greece • Hydro-therapy • Our water today • What choices have we got? http://www.laleva.cc/environment/water.html Index
Nile Basin Countries • The Nile is 6,853 km long. It is an "international" river as its water resources are shared by eleven countries, namely, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya, Ethiopia, Eritrea, South Sudan, Sudan and Egypt. • Sources of the Nile: Lake Victoria and Lake Tana. Index
Annual freshwater withdrawals, agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) For Excel data Click here Index
Electricity production from hydroelectric sources (% of total) For Excel data Click here Index
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) For Excel data Click here Index
Hydro-Politics: EgyptianHydro-hegemony • Historical back ground • Division • Hydro-hegemony • Conflict • Cooperation Back tomainIndex
Historical Back Ground • Treaties: • Anglo-Italian Protocol (1891) • Tripartite Agreement (1906) • Anglo-Egyptian Agreement (1929) • Egyptian-Sudanese Agreement(1959) Index
Division Index
Hydro-Hegemony • “Upstream countries use water to get more power, while downstreamers use power to get more water” (Warner, 2004) • “Absence of war does not mean absence of conflict” (Zeitoun, Warner, 2005 pag.2) • Negative Vs Positive form of Hydro-Hegemony • International support: largest recipient of US financial, political and military support • Lack of International Law Real politique Index
Conflict • Egypt against Ethiopia supporting the Eritrean Liberation Front and Isolation through Somalia • Renaissance Dam (Ethiopia) Stalemate Index
Cooperation • Steps toward more cooperation • Game theory • Nile Basin Initiative (1999) Index