Anglo & Jewish Americans

1. Anglo & Jewish Americans By: Kerry, Jamie, Ashley & Pat

2. Map of Europe Russia Ireland

3. Irish Americans

4. Origins of the Anglo-Americans(Anglo-Saxon Protestant) • The British were the first to come to America in large numbers. • There are four distinct groups: • Puritans • Royalists • Quakers • English-Scots and Scotch-Irish

5. Why America? • Political and religious discontent • Population increases • Unemployment and displaced artisans • Shift from agriculture to large scale production • Legal restrictions lifted • Transportation less expensive • The Potato Famine (Irish) • “The American Dream”

6. Four Waves of Immigration 1st Wave- (1700-1775) about 450,000. England, Africa, France, Netherlands, Germany, Ireland, Portugal, Poland, Scotland, Sweden, Wales, Denmark, Finland and Russia. 2nd Wave-(1820-1870) 7.5 million. Largest group from Ireland. Germany and China. 3rd Wave-(1880-1920) 23.5 million. Largest group was the Jewish community. Northern & Western Europe, Norway, Sweden, Poland, Austria, Hungary, Czech., Slovakia, Italians and Mexicans. 4th Wave-(1965-2002) 6 million and growing. Mexico, Philippines, Haiti, China, Dominican Republic, Vietnam, India, Jamaica, Cuba and South Korea.

7. Immigrants from Ireland What led them to America? • Religious conflict- English oppression Protestant vs. Catholic. • Over population –Result of Napoleonic Wars. • 1845- The Great Potato Famine. Potato crop failure due to fungus. Starvation, homelessness, poverty and disease. Death totals uncertain, 2.5 million people. • Prime reason was the Industrial Revolution. The land of opportunity.

8. Current 5th grade curriculum • Irish immigrants settle only on the Northeastern seaboard. • Irish immigrants were mainly Catholic. • Male Irish immigrants are discussed as contributing to their ethnic community . • The Irish Brigade and their heroism. What they leave out • Irish immigrants expanded North, South, East and West. • Protestant Irish and Catholic Irish both emigrated to America. • Half of the immigrants were independent women. • Women’s contributions are more than just maids, and nannies. • Civil War Riots in N.Y. city. • The discrimination, and overcoming low socioeconomic status.

9. Contributions • Irish Women- Churches, schools, colleges, hospitals and convents. • Irish Men- Canals, railroads, sewer systems, streets and mining.

11. Irish Influences/ Culture George Carlin Fred Allen Bing Crosby River Dance River Dance, Michael Flately Syracuse 2009 Parade

12. Issues of AssimilationPast vs. Present Immigrants Classic Era • 1729- head tax place on foreigners. • 1798-Alien & Sedition Acts • Congress passes first quota act to restrict immigration • Loss of cultural traditions to adopt mainstream American ideals. • 1930’s immigration cut off. • “Color-based prejudices determined American citizenship Immigrants Contemporary Era • Easier to maintain connections to homeland • Retain cultural identity longer –racial discrimination in housing. • The flow is constant and refills the ethnic community • School and society a little more accepting of cultural pluralism.

13. Irish American LiteratureArt / Political Cartoonists

14. Jewish Americans

15. Judaism • Over 3,000 years old • The oldest monotheistic religion still being practiced • Smallest number of followers with just 12 million • Beliefs are complied in the Hebrew Bible called the Tankah or Torah • Place of Origin: Isreal; Jerusalem is their holy city • Sacred buildings are called synagogues • The Jewish calendar starts with the day when Adam and Eve were created (the Sixth Day of Creation). This year (2010) is 5770 on the Jewish Calendar.

16. What does it mean to be Jewish? • A Religion • Not all Jewish people practice Judaism • A Race • 1980 U.S. Court Ruling • A Culture • Kosher Food, Yiddish, Holidays • A Nation • Hebrew term “goy” means a group of people with a common history, destiny, and a sense of connection.

17. Jewish Holiday's • Rosh Hashanah • The New Year • Apples and Honey • Yom Kippur • Holiest day of the year • Fasting for Adults • Passover • Seder • “Freedom” • Hanukah • Menorah “The Festival of Light” • Dreidel

18. History • Ancient Israelites • Decedents of Abraham; settled in the Fertile Crescent and enslaved by Egyptians • Roman Rule in Israel • Jews fought back against Romans • 985 villages destroyed; most Jews were wiped out • Those not killed were sold into slavery • Middle Ages • Stayed strong through the Crusades • 1260-1516: Israel under Turkish rule • War led to bloodshed, destruction, persecution and humiliation • Early Modern Period • Under Muslim rule; massacres from 1828-1891 • 19th Century • Persecution still evident • Every country in Europe emancipated Jews except Russia • Migration to the United States

19. Identification of a Jewish person = Star of David Adolf Hitler- Ruler of Germany and Nazi Party Jewish people were forced into Concentration Camps Tortured and killed by the dominant, Nazi Party. Over 6 million Jews were killed 1.5 million of these were children Holocaust

20. Jewish Education • Education is very important in the Jewish Community • Early Education- birth to six years of age • Preserving their culture • Jewish Community Centers • Partnership for Excellence in Jewish Education (PEJE) • Organization to strengthen Jewish Education in day school's • 80% of Jewish people in North America unaware • 700 Jewish day school's in North America with 200,000 student's

21. Dreidel Game Rules Song Nun: The player receives nothing, next player spins. Gimel: The player takes all of the pot. Hay: The player takes half off the pot. Shin: The player puts a piece into the pot.

22. Jewish Statistics • 5.2 American Jews • 4.3 American Jews are “Jewishly Committed” • Attend Passover Seders and go to synagogue • 33% report an annual income of $75,000 or more • Compared to just 18% of the rest of Americans • Median Jewish household income is $54,000 • Average: $42,000

23. Famous Jews

24. http://www.akhlah.com/ http://www.jewfaq.org/index.htm www.myjewishlearning.com http://jccsyr.org/ Resources

25. Russian Americans

26. Demographics. . . • The former Soviet Union is 1.8 times the size of the fifty states that make up America. • The population, (as of Jan. 2009): 141.9 million. • Population of Moscow, the capital of : 10.4 million. • The population in the former Soviet Union is declining.

27. Russians are different. • The Russian people present some differences we did not expect. Here we may use a vocabulary word: irony. Isn’t it ironic in a country with a literacy rate of 99.4 percent, the same country also has some of the poorest people in the world? • Isn’t it ironic that a country 1.8 times the size of the United States, the population is less than half that of America? • [Russian Street Children Video]

28. Russian Immigrants • The first wave of Russian immigrants took place from about 1880 – 1914. • The second wave from 1920 – 1939. • The third wave from about 1945 – 1955. • The fourth wave started in the 1970s, and is still taking place today.

29. Vocabulary Word: Assimilate • Immigrants took place. Why would I bring this up again? Life has evolved so it makes things more comfortable for the Russians. • Up to the current period, immigrants were expected to assimilate. I will not hold you accountable for knowing how to spell that vocabulary word. To understand assimilation means for a person to let go of his or her ethnic identity & take on American customs & culture. It means to let oneself absorb into

30. Vocabulary Word: Pluralism • American way of life. • Now, because there are already a lot of people from Russia here, new immigrants have an easier time living here. The second new word is pluralism. It takes place as people come to America & live in a community like themselves, they can function within a Russian culture while living in America.

31. Another perspective. . . • A great many Russians speak Russian as their first language. • The best way I can help you get a grasp on the vast numbers of Russians who came to live in America in just the last 10 years is to show you the chart on the following page. Over the past decade, the top six nations where people want to legally come to America are:

32. What do you see about the list below? 1.) The United Kingdom: 17,207 2.) Ukraine: 17,142 3.) Russia: 13,188 4.) Germany: 8,436 5.) Romania: 7,137 6.) The former Soviet Union: 6,229

33. Let’s add some numbers. . . Ukraine: 17,142 Russia: 13,188 the former Soviet Union: 6,229 Total: 36,559 • The number of Russians and people related to one of the countries related to the former Soviet Union far surpasses the United Kingdom as that country where people want to come and live in America.

34. Russians and Communities • So, we learned today Russians like to come and find communities of other Russians and go and live there. • One community can be found in the Pacific Northwest. This is where it gets interesting. • Russians do not always think the way we do. As people came from one of those three countries named above, they wanted to connect with, they wanted to seek out, they

35. Russians and Communities wanted to join with . . . who? • Yes, other Russians, but they wanted to join with another minority and make a greater whole. Who would that have been?

36. The Russians wanted to join with . . . African Americans. They wanted to join with an organization called the Coalition of Color. Because they wanted to create a stronger organization than they could on their own, African Americans and Russian Immigrants created a distinctive community that benefits themselves as well as African Americans.

37. Discussion time. . . • Some American White people who were born here had racist attitudes against American Black people. They had to learn racism. • Discussion at your tables… What do you think about that Russian boy who was sent home?