Unit 3 useful expressions

1. Unit 3 useful expressions

2. Sentence Analysis • With electronicX-rayequipment, we seem finally to have figured out a way to hold the terrorists, real and imagined, at bay; it was such a relief to solve this problem that we did not think much about what such a state of affairs says about the quality of our lives. We now pass through these electronic friskerswithout so much as a sideways glance; the machines, and what they stand for, have won. (L49) 凭借着电子透视装置，我们似乎终于想出妙计让恐怖分子无法近身，无论是真的恐怖分子还是凭空臆想的。能解决这一问题真是如释重负，于是我们不去多想这种状况对我们的生活质量意味着什么。如今我们走过这些电子搜查器时已经看都不看一眼了，这些装置，还有它们所代表的一切已经获胜。

3. 2. Our neighborhoods are bathed in high-intensity light; we do not want to afford ourselves even so much a luxury as a shadow(L55)…. We have become so smart about self-protection that, in the end, we have all outsmarted ourselves. We may have locked the evils out, but in so doing we have locked ourselves in. (L69) 我们的居住区处在强光源的照射下；我们连哪怕像阴影这样小小的享受也不想给自己。…我们在自我防卫方面变得如此聪明，最终聪明反被聪明误。我们或许是把邪恶锁在了门外，但在这么做的同时我们把自己锁在里边了。

4. AR （ Useful 1） Useful Expressions on the latch 1. (门)关着但没上锁 carry keys 2. 带钥匙 close up 3. (暂时)关闭 4. 巡逻严密的城区街道 well-patrolled urban streets 5. 据称很宁静的地区 the allegedly tranquil areas the era of … is over 6. ……的时代结束了 7. 电子报警系统 electronic alarm systems hook up to 8. 连接到

5. Useful Expressions AR （ Useful 2） build in 9. 内置，嵌入 under surveillance 10. 处于监控下 11. 设置路障 put up barricades security guards 12. 保安 13. 不让靠近 hold/keep (sb.) at bay 14. 电子搜查器 electronic friskers 15. 看都不看一眼 without so much as a sideways glance 16. 代表；表示，象征 stand for

6. Useful Expressions AR （ Useful 3） be bathed in 17. 沉浸于，沐浴于 with/by a small/large margin of error 18. 误差率很小/大 in the history of civilized man 19. 在人类文明的历史上 outsmart oneself 20. 聪明反被聪明误 21. 回首（过去）， 回顾（以往） look back on unseen horrors 22. 看不见的恐惧

7. Sentence Structure 1. (The) Chances are that: It is very likely that e.g. The chances are ten to one that our team will win. ( 我们队十之八九会赢。) The chances are against the enemy. leave it to chances (听天由命, 听其自然) 2. It occurs to sb that: Sb happens to think that e.g. Does it ever occur to you that I may come to see you ? It never occurred to me that …

8. Language Study 1. vulnerable: exposed to danger or attack; unprotected e.g. Intruders are developing techniques to harness the power of hundreds of thousands of vulnerable systems on the Internet. Achilles’ heel refers to the most vulnerable point of a person, especially in his character.

9. Language Study 2. era: a period of history or a long period of time e.g. The dinosaurs died out about 66 million years ago, at the end of the Mesozoic Era (中生代). We are living in the computer era. Young students should study hard to ensure the country’s fast economic and social development in the era of globalization.

10. 3. electronic: of or relating to electronics or devices and systems developed through electronics e.g. The increasing globalization of the electronic marketplace offers opportunities for businesses and consumers in terms of both access and choice. The Internet offers users a number of basic services including data transfer, electronic mail, and the ability to access information in remote databases.

11. Language Study 4.statistics: collection of information expressed in numbers e.g. The US Immigration and Naturalization Service said government statistics on foreign workers were incomplete. The statistics indicate that roughly every 22 years a major drought occurs in the United States. statistical (adj.)

12. 5. build in / into: make (sth.) as part of the structure e.g. The cupboards in the kitchen are all built in. We are having shelves built into the wall over the bed. 6. premise: l) (pl) all the buildings and land that an institution occupies on one site e.g. The shop sells food but doesn't allow it to be eaten on the premises. The company is looking for new premises.

13. 2) sth. that you accept as true and use as a basis for another idea or way of thinking (usu. followed by that clause) e.g. The corporation operates on the premise that family life directly affects business results. The program started from the premise that men and women are on equal terms in this society.

14. 7. barrier: thing that prevents progress or movement e.g. The driver slowed down as he approached the police barrier. The program serves as a barrier that stops children viewing unhealthy programs on the Internet. c.f. barricade: a barrier of large objects, intended to stop an enemy; block with a barricade e.g. The rioters barricaded streets with piles of blazing tyres. Protesters have been putting up barricades across a number of major streets.

15. 8. feature:(v.) give a prominent part to (sb./sth.) e.g.Modern libraries often feature telecommunications links that provide users with access to information at remote sites. East Asian dramas often feature ethical conflicts, divided loyalty, or concerns about the afterlife. They had a traditional Thanksgiving dinner featuring roast turkey.

16. Useful Expressions in Cause and Effect Writing above all equally important finally first initially last primarily second because due to one cause is another is since for first second consequently as a result thus resulted in one result is another is therefore certainly may necessarily perhaps possibly probably undoubtedly unquestionably

17. Language Study 9. hold/keep (sb.) at bay: prevent (an enemy, pursuers, etc.) from coming near e.g. Eating oranges keeps colds at bay. She left the light on at night to keep her fears at bay.

18. 10. stand for: represent; mean e.g. He hates us and everything we stand for. That newspaper is often thought to stand for freedom of speech. “GMT” stands for Greenwich Mean Time. c.f. stand up (for sb./sth.): speak, work, etc. in favour of sb./sth.; support sb./sth. e.g. You have to be prepared to stand up for the things you believe in. Don't be afraid to stand up for yourself.

19. 11. margin: (n.) 1) one or both sides near the edge e.g. to make notes in the margin of a book 2)an amount above what is necessary, esp. for success (差数,幅度) e.g. Governor Bush won the election but by a small margin. Demand for college education exceeds capacity by a large margin. With the improvement of their living conditions, people’s demand for air-conditioning has increased by a large margin. 3) the difference between buying and selling price e.g. a narrow margin of profit (赚头,差价) The vote was 35 to 25, a margin of ten. (差额) a joke that is on the margin of good taste 差点不登大雅之堂的笑话 The schedule leaves a wide margin of time for self study. We allow you a margin of 30 yuan in the monthly budget.

20. 12. reflection: l) a thing bringing discredit or criticism (followed by on) e.g. The fact that we all failed the test was a reflection on our teacher. When children are criticized by their teachers, mothers often see it as a reflection on themselves. 2) reflecting (careful thinking) or being reflected e.g. After much reflection, I’ve come to a decision. After thirty years as a teacher, his reflections on life were worth listening to.

21. 13. puzzling: confusing, not easy to understand e.g. I found that English film very puzzling. Nobody at the meeting liked his puzzling statement. puzzle: cause (sb.) to feel confused and slightly worried because they cannot understand sth.; thinking hard in order to understand e.g. It puzzles me why she gave up the chance of studying abroad. The police are still puzzling about the cause of the accident. (n.) word puzzles a Chinese puzzle (七巧板、九连环之类的中国玩具）

22. 14. elaborate: full of detail, carefully worked and with a large number of parts; sophisticated e.g. an elaborate machine/ curtains with an elaborate flower pattern/ an elaborate design / elaborate directions “How can I get to the metro station ?” “First, take a bus for two stops. Then walk for one block and make a right turning. Right across the street is your destination.” “Oh, it’s too elaborate.”