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Bitter Creek Watershed CBM Overview

Bitter Creek Watershed CBM Overview. September 9, 2008 Jason Thomas, Water Quality Div. (307) 777-5504 jthoma4@wyo.gov. Permit Overview. Two Main Types of Discharge Permits: Individual Permit : One facility, one permit. General Permit : Multiple facilities, one permit.

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Bitter Creek Watershed CBM Overview

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  1. Bitter Creek Watershed CBM Overview September 9, 2008Jason Thomas, Water Quality Div.(307) 777-5504jthoma4@wyo.gov

  2. Permit Overview Two Main Types of Discharge Permits: • Individual Permit: One facility, one permit. • General Permit: Multiple facilities, one permit.

  3. Purposes of a Discharge Permit: Establish Effluent Limits (based on water quality standards and technology-based standards) Establish Monitoring Requirements (at each outfall and instream) Establish Special Conditions If Necessary (site-specific studies, mitigation, water management, etc.) Establish Standard Conditions (minimum requirements applicable to all discharge permits, regardless of industry or receiving water)

  4. Key Definitions: • Outfall: The point at which a discharge exits the final treatment unit, if any, associated with a facility prior to entering waters of the state. • Discharge: Any addition of any pollution or wastes to any water of the state. • Pollution: Contamination or other alteration of the physical, chemical or biological properties of any waters of the state. • Waters of the State: All surface and groundwater, including waters associated with wetlands, within Wyoming. • Water Quality Standard: Maximum allowable instream concentration or condition, based on the stream classification. • Effluent Limit: Maximum allowable concentration or condition at the outfall, calculated to achieve the instream water quality standard.

  5. Watershed Details

  6. Soil Properties

  7. Clay is made up of aggregated particles, which are comprised of individual clay platelets. The space between the clay particles is called pore space. Pore space allows water and oxygen to travel freely and feed plant roots. Clay Particle Clay Platelet Pore Space

  8. Healthy Soil Chemistry (clay platelets tightly aggregated) Negatively Charged Clay Platelet - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ca++ Ca++ Ca++ Ca++ Mg++ Ca++ Ca++ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Negatively Charged Clay Platelet

  9. High SAR Water Applied (soil structure breaks down over time) Negatively Charged Clay Platelet - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Na+ Na+ Na+ Na+ Na+ Na+ Na+ Na+ Na+ Na+ Na+ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Negatively Charged Clay Platelet

  10. Soil Salinity: Measure of the total salt content of soils; typically measured as electrical conductivity (EC). • Sodicity: Measure of the sodium content of soils, relative to the total salts; typically measured as exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) in the soil itself, or sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) in the soil water.

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