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Indian Economy

Indian Economy . By: Dashon Dixon. India has a mixed economy. The Indian economy is neither fully socialist or capitalist. Its mixed between socialistic economy installed by Russia during the cold war and a recently adopted capitalism economy.

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Indian Economy

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  1. Indian Economy By: Dashon Dixon

  2. India has a mixed economy. • The Indian economy is neither fully socialist or capitalist. • Its mixed between socialistic economy installed by Russia during the cold war and a recently adopted capitalism economy. • It also has aspects of both an open system and a free market economy.

  3. Size As a Whole Per-Capita-Income Basis • 10th Largest in the world by GDP (Gross Domestic Product) • 3rd Largest in the world by PPP (Purchasing Power Parity) • India is the 19th-largest exporter and the 10th-largest importer in the world • 141th Largest in the world by GDP (Gross Domestic Product) • 130th Largest in the world by PPP (Purchasing Power Parity)

  4. Currency • The Indian rupee (INR) is the only legal tender in India, It is also accepted as legal tender in the Nepal and Bhutan. • The rupee is divided into 100 paise; the highest-denomination banknote is the INR 1,000 note, the lowest-denomination coin in circulation is the 50 paise coin. • As of 30 June 2011 all denominations below 50 paise have ceased to be legal currency. • India's monetary system is managed by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), the country's central bank. • The RBI issues currency, It is governed by a central board of directors, headed by a governor who is appointed by the Government of India. • Since 2010 the rupee value has fallen by 30% against the U.S. dollar.

  5. Rupee History • Indian Rupee History

  6. Corruption Possible Causes • Corruption is a major problem in the Indian Economy • A 2005 study found that 50% of people surveyed had firsthand experience of paying bribes or peddling influence to get a job done in a public office in the previous year. • In a follow up 2008 study found that the rate had only dropped to 40%. • In 1996, red tape, bureaucracy and the License Raj were suggested as a cause for the institutionalized corruption and inefficiency. • Recent reports suggest the causes include excessive regulations and approval requirements, mandated spending programs, monopoly of certain goods and service providers by government controlled institutions, bureaucracy with discretionary powers, and lack of transparent laws and processes.

  7. Employment • 6.2% Current Unemployment Rate • Unemployment in India is characterized by chronic (disguised) unemployment. • The Government attempts to solve the problem by providing financial assistance for setting up businesses, skill honing, setting up public sector enterprises, and reservations in governments. • India's labor regulations are heavy even by developing country standards and analysts have urged the government to abolish or modify them in order to make the environment more conducive for employment generation. • Child labor in India is a complex problem that is basically rooted in poverty • Special investigation cells have been set up in states to enforce existing laws banning the employment of children under 14 in hazardous industries. • Women in India are mainly employed in agriculture and caring for livestock with only about 20% of the employed women engaging in activities outside agriculture. • When employed, women earn substantially less than men, only about 66% of the male incomes in agriculture and 57% of the male incomes outside agriculture.

  8. Poverty • In 2005 42% of India was living below the poverty line. • Today, about 33% of India is impoverished. • In rural India, about 34 percent of the population lives on less than $1.25 a day; In Urban India 29%. • Since the 1950’s all poverty reduction programs have been largely ineffective.

  9. Industry • Industry accounts for 26% of GDP and employs 22% of the total workforce. • India is 11th in the world in terms of nominal factory output. • Liberalization in India and economic reforms of 1991 removed import restrictions and brought in foreign competition. • India’s industry is beginning to become more technological which is adding to unemployment.

  10. Textile • Textile manufacturing is the 2nd largest source of employment after agriculture and accounts for 20% of industry output. • Employs over 20 million people. • From 2004-2008 textile investment amounted to 27 billion total, 2012 textile investments amounted to 38 billion.

  11. Services • India is 13th internationally in services output. • The services sector provides employment to 27% of the work force and is growing quickly, with a growth rate of 7.5%. • Services largest share in the GDP, accounting for 57%. • Information technology and business process outsourcing are among the fastest growing sectors, having a cumulative growth rate of revenue 33.6%. • The growth in the Information Technology sector is caused by increased specialization, and a large pool of low cost fluent English-speaking workers. As well as increased attention from those looking to outsource their operations

  12. Retail • Retail industry is one of the pillars of Indian economy and accounts for 14–15% of its GDP. • The Indian retail market is estimated to be US$ 450 billion and one of the top five retail markets in the world by economic value. • India is one of the fastest growing retail market in the world, with 1.2 billion people. • India's retailing industry essentially consists of the local mom and pop store, owner manned general stores, convenience stores, hand cart and pavement vendors.

  13. Energy & Power • India is the third largest producer of electricity and oil products and the fourth largest importer of coal and crude-oil in the world. • Coal and oil together account for 66% of the energy consumption of India. • India's oil reserves only meet 25% of the country's domestic oil demand. • Oil and natural gas fields are located offshore at Mumbai High, Krishna Godavari Basin and the Cauvery Delta, and onshore mainly in the states of Assam, Gujarat and Rajasthan.

  14. Agriculture • India ranks 2ndworldwide in farm output. • Agriculture and it’s allied sectors like forestry, logging and fishing accounted for 17% of the GDP, and employ 51% of the total workforce. • Crop yields have grown since 1950 due to steady improvements in technology. • Indian states Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal, Gujarat and Maharashtra are key agricultural contributing states of India.

  15. Sources • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_India • http://www.rbi.org.in/scripts/Statistics.aspx • http://www.cbec.gov.in/cae1-english.htm • http://www.tradingeconomics.com/country-list/unemployment-rate • http://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/home.asp

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