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Introduction to Genetics

Introduction to Genetics. Chapter 11. Are Traits Inherited?. Gregor Mendel. Used garden peas in his experiments Peas reproduce sexually in a process known as fertilization Pea plants were true breeders – they produced identical offspring if they were allowed to self polinate. Gregor Mendel.

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Introduction to Genetics

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  1. Introduction to Genetics Chapter 11

  2. Are Traits Inherited?

  3. Gregor Mendel • Used garden peas in his experiments • Peas reproduce sexually in a process known as fertilization • Pea plants were true breeders – they produced identical offspring if they were allowed to self polinate

  4. Gregor Mendel • Studied 7 different pea plant traits • He crossed plants and studied their offspring • Original pea plant is the P generation • Offspring are the F1 generation • Offspring of crosses between parents with different traits are called hybrids

  5. Principle of dominance • Some alleles are dominant and others are recessive

  6. Segregation • Do recessive alleles disappear? • F1 Cross • P. 266

  7. Probability & Punnett squares

  8. Genetics & Probability • Likelihood that a particular even will occur = probability • Flipping a coin. What are the chances it will land on heads? On tails? • Alleles segregate completely random just like flipping a coin

  9. Punnett Squares • Can be used to predict and compare the genetic variations that will result from a cross

  10. Punnett Squares • Identical alleles for a particular trait = homozygous • Different alleles for a particular trait = heterozygous • Physical characteristics are called phenotypes • The actual alleles present for a trait or the genetic make up is known as genotype

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