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Learn about the importance of the harvest phase in the business lifecycle, including various methods of harvesting such as selling the firm, going public, private placement, and more. Discover how to develop a successful harvest plan and understand what motivates your exit strategy. Get advice from experienced advisors and learn how to manage for the long-term. Whatever your next step, do it with passion and benefit others in the process.
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Planning for the Harvest PART 3 Developing the New Venture Business Plan
The Importance of the Harvest • Harvesting (or Exiting) • The process used by entrepreneurs and investors to reap the value of a business when they get out of it. • The process involves: • Capturing value (cash value) • Reducing risk • Creating future options
Selling the Firm: Buyers’ Reasons for Purchasing a Firm • Sales to Strategic Buyers • A purchase in which the value of the business is based on both the firm’s stand-alone characteristics and synergies that the buyer thinks can be created by the strategic fit of the firm and a potential buyer. • Sales to Financial Buyers • A purchase in which the value of the business is based on the stand-alone cash generating potential of the firm being acquired.
Selling the Firm: Buyers’ Reasons for Purchasing a Firm (cont’d) • Sales to Employees • Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) • A method by which a firm is sold either in part or in total to its employees. • Employees retirement contributions are used to purchase shares in the firm. • Frequently is exit method of last resort. • Motivates employee-owners to perform.
Releasing the Firm’s Cash Flows • Harvesting by Withdrawing Firm’s Cash • Advantages: • Retain control of firm while harvesting investment. • No need to seek a buyer or incur expenses associated with sale of business • Disadvantages • Loss of development potential and opportunities • Tax disadvantages of cash withdrawal • Requires patience to siphon off cash slowly
Harvesting: Going Public • Initial Public Offering (IPO) • Benefits of the sale of shares of stock to the public: • Signals to investors that a firm is a quality business and will likely perform well in the future. • Provides access to more investors when the firm needs to raise capital to grow the business. • Helps create ongoing interest in the company and its continued development. • Makes firm’s stock more attractive as incentive pay to key personnel.
Going Public: The IPO Process • The firm’s owners decide to go public. • If not already completed, an audit of the last three years financial statements is conducted. • An investment banker is selected to guide the IPO process. • An S-1 registration is drafted and filed with SEC. • Management responds to suggested comments by the SEC, and issues a Red Herring/Prospectus. • Firm goes “on the road” explaining its attributes to investors. • On the day before public offering, an offering price is decided upon. • Offering the stock to the public and seeing how it is received.
Exhibit 13.2IPOs Raising Less Than $25 Million Source: Dealogic, Capital Markets Advisory Partners, reported in David Weild and Edward Kim, “Why Are IPOs in the ICU?” White Paper, Grant Thornton, LLP, 2008, p. 8.
Harvesting: Private Placement • Private Equity (Capital) • Money provided by venture capitalists or private investors. • Factors in the Transfer of Family-Owned Firms • Liquidity for exiting family members • Continued financing for company growth • Maintenance of family control of the firm
Firm Valuation and the Harvest • The Harvest Value • Opportunity cost of funds • The rate of return that could be earned on another investment of similar risk • Harvest Value/Market Comparable Valuations • Establishing the value of a privately held company based on the value of a similar or comparable publicly traded company. • Multiple of earnings method is frequently used.
Harvesting: The Method of Payment • Payment Alternatives • Cash • Immediate and stable in value • Tax liability consequences • Stock • Purchaser: protection from liabilities • Seller: immediate but uncontrollable in value • Seller: potential problems with disposal of stock • Merger with Purchasing Firm • Purchased firm is absorbed into purchasing firm
Developing a Harvest Plan • Anticipate the Harvest • Manage for the long-term. • Avoid playing the harvest game. • Expect Conflict—Emotional and Cultural • Strains of selling own business • Personal ties to the business after sale • Get Good Advice • Advisors with harvest transaction experience • Other entrepreneurs who have sold their firms
Developing a Harvest Plan (cont’d) • Understand What Motivates Your Exit • Motives for exiting: • Money • Independence • Health of the company • Your management team • An heir apparent taking over • Personal identity and the business itself • Avoid “seller’s remorse”
What’s Next? • Whatever you decide to do, do it with passion and let your life benefit others in the process.