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The Water Cycle

The Water Cycle. How is Earth’s water distributed among saltwater and freshwater resources? How does Earth’s water move through the water cycle? How do people and other living things use water?. Water on Earth. Most of Earth’s water is saltwater (97%) Most saltwater is found in the oceans

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The Water Cycle

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  1. The Water Cycle • How is Earth’s water distributed among saltwater and freshwater resources? • How does Earth’s water move through the water cycle? • How do people and other living things use water?

  2. Water on Earth • Most of Earth’s water is saltwater (97%) • Most saltwater is found in the oceans • Only about 3% of water is freshwater • All living things must share about 1% of the total amount of water on Earth

  3. Distribution of Water on Earth • Saltwater oceans and lakes (97%) • Freshwater (3%) • Ice (76%) • Shallow Groundwater (12%) • Deep Groundwater (11%) • Lakes and rivers (.34%) • Water Vapor (0.037%) • All living things share less than 1% of total water on Earth!

  4. The Water Cycle 1 • Water is naturally recycled through a process known as the water cycle • Water moves from bodies of water, land, and living things from Earth’s surface, up to the atmosphere and then back to Earth’s surface. • Steps for the water cycle are: evaporation, condensation, and precipitation

  5. The Water Cycle 2 • The source of energy that drives the water cycle is the SUN! • Clouds formation – water vapor loses energy, cools down, condenses into liquid water droplets, droplets clump together around tiny dust particles, forming clouds • Most evaporated water comes from oceans, and most precipitation falls back into the oceans

  6. The Water Cycle 3 • Evaporation – the process by which liquid water on the surface change to a gas • Condensation – process by which gas molecules change into a liquid. This process forms clouds • Precipitation – process in which clouds become too heavy to hold the water droplets, and the droplets fall to the Earth’s surface as rain, sleet, snow or hail

  7. How Do People Use Water? • Humans use water for household purposes, agriculture, industry, transportation, and recreation. • Irrigation is the process of supplying water to areas for growing crops • Industry – to make products, cool off machines • Transportation – travel upon the oceans, lakes and rivers • Recreation – exercise and sports

  8. Water and Living Things • Water important for living things to grow, reproduce and carry on other essential processes. • Photosynthesis – process of water, carbon dioxide and sunlight to make their own food • Habitat – place an organism lives and provides the things it needs to survive

  9. Quick Check More than 97% of Earth’s total water supply is found in A. ice sheets. B. groundwater. C. the atmosphere. D. the oceans.

  10. Quick Check The energy the drives the water cycle comes from A. the sun. B. the Earth. C. the rain. D. oceans.

  11. Quick Check Rain that falls on a steep, paved street during a thunderstorm will most likely become A. groundwater. B. runoff. C. a spring. D. a reservoir.

  12. Quick Check More than two-thirds of Earth’s freshwater is found in A. rivers and streams. B. ponds and lakes. C. glaciers and icebergs. D. wetlands.

  13. Quick Check How does the water cycle renew Earth’s supply of fresh water? A. evaporation. B. condensation C. the sun D. precipitation

  14. Ocean Water Chemistry • How salty is ocean water? • How do the conditions in the ocean change with depth? • Describe one factor that increases the salinity of seawater and one factor that decreases salinity.

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