14.2 Notes

1. 14.2 Notes Climates and Vegetation of Russia and the Eurasian Republics

2. Climate Regions • Latitude – 75% of region farther North than continental U.S. • Stans - 40°N = Neb. & S. Dakota • Russia - 50°N = Canada

4. Kinds of Climate • Two major climates – Humid Continental and Subarctic • temperature variations – widest in world • Summers – hot or warm & short • Winters – long & cold • snow cover – ½ land covered ½ yr • Permafrost – ½ land permanently frozen

5. Permafrost coverage

6. Range of Climates • Tundra – N. border on Artic Ocean • Siberia – temps drop to -90°F • Subarctic – borders Tundra, covers most of Russia • Taiga – vast woodland • Summers – reasonably warm • snow cover – for up to 8 mo of year

8. Range of Climates • Desert – Central Asia • Summers – long and hot, avg. temp 90°F • Winters - cold • Location – Uzbek., Azer., Kazakh, Turkmen, • North European Plain – warm summers, cold winter • Agriculture – good precip During summer • Steppes – Black Sea to Altai Mts., surrounds desert • Humid Subtropical – Black Sea coast of Georgia • Mediterranean – Crimean Peninsula

10. Vegetation • Subtropical vegetation • Countries – Georgia, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan • Vegetation – citrus fruits

11. Vegetation • Tundra • Permafrost – low grasses, reeds, & mosses • Taiga and Mixed Forest • Taiga – confierous forest belt, Finland to Sea of Okhotsk • mixed forest – S. of taiga, Belarus & Central Europe

12. Vegetation • Steppe Areas • thick clumps of trees – wide open spaces • large grassland – covers rest of steppe • Semidesert and desert • Barren – hot, dry climate, bare rock or sandy dunes • Kara Kum – vegetation supports nomadic herding • Uzbekistan – rivers provide irrigation in desert to grow melons, rice, & cotton