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Methods in Cognitive Science

Methods in Cognitive Science. Each field can be distinguished by the types of methods it uses to address the questions of Cognition. Methods may seem secondary to theories but they are at least equivalent in importance with respect to the progress of science. Psychology. Experimentation

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Methods in Cognitive Science

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  1. Methods in Cognitive Science • Each field can be distinguished by the types of methods it uses to address the questions of Cognition. • Methods may seem secondary to theories but they are at least equivalent in importance with respect to the progress of science. HKU

  2. Psychology • Experimentation • Controlled lab studies • Naturalistic observation • Examples • Learning & recall rate (e.g., cramming vs. spaced studying) • Rotating mental images • Chunking of information HKU

  3. Linguistics • Establish grammars of languages • Test grammaticality intuitions • Explore large linguistic corpora for data on acquisition of syntactic rules • Observe patterns of speech errors • Look across languages for common patterns HKU

  4. Neuroscience • Use animals to explore basic mechanism of information processing and localization of function • Use PET, MRI, or other techniques to view brain activity in humans as they process information • Study individuals with brain damage HKU

  5. Computer Science • Build computational models based on psychological or neurological theories and evaluate their computational viability • Compare different types of algorithms (software) as well as different hardware implementations to human performance HKU

  6. Philosophy • Analyze the coherence of explanatory systems • Internal logic of theories • Raise potential difficulties and consequences of specific approaches e.g., neuroscience ≠ reductionism info. processing ≠ thought HKU

  7. Why is studying the mind important? • Scientifically challenging • Improving education • Predicting human behavior (e.g., for economic theories) • Information processing in the modern world • Productivity enhancement • Interfaces & expert systems HKU

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