Commerce and Innovation – our future

Commerce and Innovation – our future Leo Gros Hochschule Fresenius Idstein, Germany CITIES Project N. 129193-CP-1-2006-1-DE–COMENIUS–C21

What is in this package? • Structure of the chemical industry in Europe • The image of chemistry (with the films) • From laboratory to factory • Site visits CITIES Project N. 129193-CP-1-2006-1-DE–COMENIUS–C21

1. Structure of the chemical industry in Europe CITIES Project N. 129193-CP-1-2006-1-DE–COMENIUS–C21

Geographic breakdown of world chemicals sales http://www.cefic.org/factsandfigures/ CITIES Project N. 129193-CP-1-2006-1-DE–COMENIUS–C21

http://www.cefic.org/factsandfigures/ CITIES Project N. 129193-CP-1-2006-1-DE–COMENIUS–C21

Facts about the EU Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industry • 29,000 chemical and pharmaceutical companies which • employ a total staff of about 1.84 million, which is • 6% of the overall workforce in the manufacturing industry • Chemicals alone account for 1.26 million employees • Employment in the EU chemical industry has decreased by 2% over the last 10 years • Employment in the USA has experienced a steeper decline for chemicals over the same period with a decrease of 2.8%. http://www.cefic.org/factsandfigures/ CITIES Project N. 129193-CP-1-2006-1-DE–COMENIUS–C21

http://www.cefic.org/factsandfigures/ CITIES Project N. 129193-CP-1-2006-1-DE–COMENIUS–C21

Value chain – a second glance Polymers Inorganic base products Fine chemicals and intermediates Petrochemicals and their derivatives Detergents and personal care products Sources: Statistisches Bundesamt, VCISchätzungen basierend auf Input-Output-Rechnung und Wareneingangsstatistik, Pharmaceuticals Vortrag von Christian Bünger bei der DECHEMA am 27.03.2009 CITIES Project N. 129193-CP-1-2006-1-DE–COMENIUS–C21

Chemical Industry Value Chain Vorleistungen Inorganic products Petro-chemistry Polymers ≈ 80 % Fine chemicals and intermediates Consumer products and services Detergents and personal care Pharmaceuticals ≈ 20 % Input-Output-Tabellen 2004 des Statistischen Bundesamtes, VCI CITIES Project N. 129193-CP-1-2006-1-DE–COMENIUS–C21

SWOT-Analysis of European Chemical Industry Source: http://www.chemcompass.de/ CITIES Project N. 129193-CP-1-2006-1-DE–COMENIUS–C21

2. The image of chemistry CITIES Project N. 129193-CP-1-2006-1-DE–COMENIUS–C21

The image of chemistry • Text of Armand Lattes • Film produced on the basis of the text • The film is simplistic and will be controversial • There is a second film ..\..\Module material\Module-2\Diasenzachimica-Disponibile_in_DVD.wmv • There is a CEFIC survey ..\..\Module material\Module-2\CEFIC-publicopiniononchemistry-PES_04_Ex_Summ.doc CITIES Project N. 129193-CP-1-2006-1-DE–COMENIUS–C21

What is your opinion? • Would you use one of the films or both in your classes? • Which is an appropriate age of the pupils, and an appropriate didactic situation? • What are shortcomings of the films – what are the consequences you draw from a didactic point of view? • Which tasks would you give pupils after having watched the film(s)? CITIES Project N. 129193-CP-1-2006-1-DE–COMENIUS–C21

3. From laboratory to factory CITIES Project N. 129193-CP-1-2006-1-DE–COMENIUS–C21

Let us reflect..... • Did you know that the polymerisation of 1 ton of Ethylacrylate will generate enough energy to heat up 2 tons of water from 20 to 100 °C? • Which main features of technical processes can be found in the following table? CITIES Project N. 129193-CP-1-2006-1-DE–COMENIUS–C21

From a 500 mL flask to a scale of tons http://www.scientificupdate.co.uk/images/eventlist/brochures/bpscuk.pdf CITIES Project N. 129193-CP-1-2006-1-DE–COMENIUS–C21

A model case for students • Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain, and partners developed a model case for the classroom – with simple, inexpensive and non-toxic experiments • The university is a founder and member of APQUA, an organisation which fosters scientific school education CITIES Project N. 129193-CP-1-2006-1-DE–COMENIUS–C21

Sustainable development for an island You are citizens of Isla Bonita and have to decide about the future economics of your island – to create value and respect the environment at the same time • Starting point: economic and social crisis • What is needed for an industrial process – supply of goods, production installations, staff, logistics, disposal • Production of gypsum and production of glue from lime and milk • Scale up – design of a plant • Political decision making • Our lifestyle – ecologic footpring, consumer behaviour, sustainability CITIES Project N. 129193-CP-1-2006-1-DE–COMENIUS–C21

The coin cleaning factory • Place a dirty coin into well A of the experimental set. Add water to cover the coin. Add 3 dosage spoons of salt. Stir with a stirring rod until the salt has dissolved. What do you observe? • 2. Place a dirty coin into well B. Add acetic acid solution until the coin is covered. Stir. What do you observe? • 3. Place a dirty coin into well C.. Add acetic acid solution until the coin is covered. Add 3 dosage spoons of salt. Stir. What do you observe? • 4. Take the coins out of the wells using a stirring rod, rinse with water and dry with a paper towel. CITIES Project N. 129193-CP-1-2006-1-DE–COMENIUS–C21

Take notes of what you observe CITIES Project N. 129193-CP-1-2006-1-DE–COMENIUS–C21

Analysis of the results Question 1: Which mixture is the most effective for cleaning the coins? Question 2: The following diagram represents a technical process in a simpliefied manner. Fill in what is lacking! supply delivery Target products process Unwanted by –products CITIES Project N. 129193-CP-1-2006-1-DE–COMENIUS–C21

Planning a factory Question 3: Imagine the plant has to clean tons of coins to obtain an economically viable process. Think of how a suitable plant would have to look like. Develop a table with the following columns: • Incoming material • Outgoing material • installations • Staff/qualified personnel CITIES Project N. 129193-CP-1-2006-1-DE–COMENIUS–C21

What would such a plant look like? DIRTY COPPER COINS ARRIVAL OFRAW MATERIALS CLEAN COPPER COINS CLEANING TANK Distribution to customers SALT WASTE WATER To the sea DESALINATION PLANT DEPURADORA VINEGAR CITIES Project N. 129193-CP-1-2006-1-DE–COMENIUS–C21

The copper project • What is copper? Describe its appearance. What are the uses and applications of copper in our daily lives? • Find out where and when people found copper in the natural evironment (hint: what is the Bronze Age?). • What did the copper-containing materials look like? How were these materials exploited? • How much of the stuff do we have and where is it to be found today? • Find the percentage of copper in the earth’s crust. • How is copper produced nowadays (which processes are used)? Find out how energy-efficient these processes are. • How does the extraction of copper impact on the environment? • Which health and environmental toxicity aspects have to be considered when working with and using copper metal, alloys and compounds? • Does your own body contain copper – and if so, how much, where and why? CITIES Project N. 129193-CP-1-2006-1-DE–COMENIUS–C21

The copper project II: cable recycling We are going to talk about the important task of recovering used metals in order to reuse metals as economically as possible to benefit the environment. http://waste.environmental-expert.com/STSE_resulteach_product.aspx?cid=426&idprofile=139&idproduct=13734 CITIES Project N. 129193-CP-1-2006-1-DE–COMENIUS–C21

4. Site visits CITIES Project N. 129193-CP-1-2006-1-DE–COMENIUS–C21

A contribution from Poland at the CITIES homepage • Mostly, in contrast to biology classes, chemistry classes are taught inside a school • Activities out of the classroom – in the open air/nature, in factories – needs preparation work and evaluation • The contribution presents an approach with guidelines and questions/tasks • Limits and benefits of such activities are discussed CITIES Project N. 129193-CP-1-2006-1-DE–COMENIUS–C21

Commerce and Innovation – our future