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Kidney in Detail

Kidney in Detail. Standard Grade Biology. Excretion by the Kidney. Urea -nitrogenous waste -made by liver -excess amino acids in blood -toxic Why must nitrogenous waste be excreted?. 1 – Filtration by the Kidney. Supplied with blood from renal artery

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Kidney in Detail

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  1. Kidney in Detail Standard Grade Biology

  2. Excretion by the Kidney • Urea -nitrogenous waste -made by liver -excess amino acids in blood -toxic • Why must nitrogenous waste be excreted?

  3. 1 – Filtration by the Kidney • Supplied with blood from renal artery • Inside it splits into many fine capillaries • Each capillary supplies blood to hundreds of thousands of tiny filtration units called nephrons Renal artery Lets have a look at a nephron!!! Renal vein Ureter

  4. Blood from renal artery enters wide capillary • Glomerulus brings a large surface area of blood capillaries in close contact with Bowman’s capsule 2. Liquid filtered from blood under pressure (filtration) • Glomerular filtrate produced containing: -water -glucose -salts -urea (Protein molecules and red blood cells do not pass into tubule as they are TOO BIG!!!!) Blood travels through narrow capillary towards renal vein Filtration Glomerular filtrate

  5. Think… • Which feature of the glomerulus helps the process of filtration? • Which 4 components of unfiltered blood appear in the glomerular filtrate? • Why do blood cells and protein molecules not appear in the glomerular filtrate?

  6. Key Words!! Nephron: structure in the kidney that acts as a microscopic filtration unit Glomerulus: dense mass of very fine blood capillaries at the nephron that act as a filter Bowman’s capusle: cup-shaped part of the nephron that holds a glomerulus and collects the products of filtration from it Glomerular filtrate: liquid removed from the blood by filtration in the kidney

  7. 2 – Reabsorption by the Kidney • Once the main components of glomerulur filtrate enter the bloodstream -they are no longer in bloodstream • If nothing more happened in the nephron then all the useful stuff would be lost in the urine! • Therefore, glucose, water and some salts need to be reabsorbed!

  8. More water reabsorbed Glucose reabsorbed Final urine containing: -excess water -unneeded salts -waste urea Variable amounts of water and salts reabsorbed and filtrate gradually turning into urine

  9. Think…. • Which three components of the glomerular filtrate are reabsorbed? • Why is it important for these to be reabsorbed? • Which substances are present in the final urine?

  10. Summary of kidney function

  11. 2 – Controlling Water Concentration • Blood -important part of internal environment -constantly changing water concentration -e.g. exercising drinking lots of water • The body uses negative feedback control to regulate water content of the blood

  12. How does it work?

  13. Control of Water animation

  14. This powerpoint was kindly donated to www.worldofteaching.com http://www.worldofteaching.com is home to over a thousand powerpoints submitted by teachers. This is a completely free site and requires no registration. Please visit and I hope it will help in your teaching.

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