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THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM. D. C. MIKULECKY PROFESSOR OF PHYSIOLOGY. ORGANIZATION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. BRAIN SPINAL CORD. CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS). AFFERENT NERVES. EFFERENT NERVES. PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. EXTERO- RECEPTORS. INTERO- RECEPTORS. SOMATIC. AUTONOMIC.

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THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

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  1. THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM D. C. MIKULECKY PROFESSOR OF PHYSIOLOGY

  2. ORGANIZATION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM BRAIN SPINAL CORD CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS) AFFERENT NERVES EFFERENT NERVES PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM EXTERO- RECEPTORS INTERO- RECEPTORS SOMATIC AUTONOMIC EFFECTOR ORGANS SKELETAL MUSCLES SMOOTH AND CARDIAC MUSCLES AND GLANDS

  3. THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM • TWO NEURON CHAINS • SYMPATHETIC • PARASYMATHETIC

  4. SPINAL CORD DORSAL HORN DORSAL GREY MATTER DORSAL ROOT GANGLION LATERAL VENTRAL HORN WHITE MATTER SPINAL NERVE VENTRAL

  5. ORGANIZATION OF THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM BRAIN SPINAL CORD TARGET ORGANS SYMPATHETIC GANGLIA PARASYMPATHETIC GANGLIA

  6. TWO NEURON CHAINS PRESYNAPTIC NEURON EFFECTOR ORGAN SPINE POSTSYNAPTIC NEURON

  7. SYMPATHETIC SYMPATHETIC GANGLIA (NEAR SPINE) EFFECTOR ORGAN SPINE

  8. PARASYMPATHETIC PARASYMPATHETIC GANGLIA (NEAR EFFECTOR ORGAN) EFFECTOR ORGAN SPINE

  9. AUTONOMIC CONTROL IS IN BRAIN STEM • HYPOTHALAMUS • PITUITARY • PONS • MEDULLA

  10. PARASYMPATHETIC • GANGLION NEAR EFFECTOR ORGAN • LONG PREGANGLIONIC NEURONS • SHORT POSTGANGLIONIC NEURONS • “COUCH POTATO” • POSTGANGLIONIC NEURONS ARE CHOLINERGIC • CRANIAL AND SPINAL NERVES

  11. SYMPATHETIC • GANGLION NEAR SPINE • SHORT PREGANGLIONIC NEURONS • LONG POSTGANGLIONIC NEURONS • FLIGHT OR FIGHT • POSTGANGLIONIC NEURONS ARE ADRENERGIC • THORACIC AND LUMBAR NERVES

  12. EFFECTS OF ANS

  13. DUAL INNERVATION OF MOST VISCERAL ORGANS • MOST INNERVATED BY BOTH SYSTEMS • EFFECTS ARE OPPOSITE IN MOST CASES • TONIC ACTIVITY • DOMINANCE

  14. EFFECTS OF POSTSYNAPTIC NEUROTRANSMITTERS • EPINEPHRINE:FLIGHT OR FIGHT REACTION (SYMPATHETIC) • ACETYL CHOLINE: “COUCH POTATO” RESPONSE (PARASYMPATHETIC)

  15. FACTORS AFFECTING THE CONCENTRATION OF NE IN THE JUNCTIONAL CLEFT • NEURONAL UPTAKE • DIFFUSION INTO CAPILARIES • UPTAKE INTO EFFECTOR CELLS

  16. ENTERIC SYSTEM • GI TRACT HAS AN INTRINSIC NERVOUS SYSTEM • MYENTERIC AND SUBMUCOSAL PLEXUS • MORE NEURONS THAN IN SPINAL CORD

  17. THE DIGESTIVE TRACT Mucosa Logitudinal Muscle Submucosal Plexus Lumen Circular Muscle Extrinsic Nerves Myenteric Plexus

  18. CONTROL OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM External Influences Local Influences Receptors in Digestive Tract Intrinsic Nerve Plexuses Extrinsic Autonomic Nerves GI Hormones Smooth muscle Exocrine Gland Cells Endocrine Gland Cells

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