Macromolecules of Life

1. Macromolecules of Life Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, Nucleic Acids (Ch3)

2. H2O 1 big Oxygen, 2 little Hydrogens • Polar Why is water AND that it is POLAR, SOOO important? • Keeps temperature • Helps plants move water • Dissolves substances Water is a polar molecule

3. Polar = different

4. 4 types • 1.Carbohydrates • 2.Proteins • 3.Lipids • 4.Nucleic Acids • Made of Monomers – little parts • Monomer + Monomer = Polymer Large Molecules

5. Monomer = monosaccharide • Glucose • Polymer = disaccharides, polysaccharide • Starch, Cellulose • FUNCTION: • Form of ENERGY • In plants, it’s the structure of the plant 1.Carbohydrates

6. Monomer = Amino Acid • Examples: Glycine, Alanine • Polymer = Polypeptide • FUNCTION: • Builds your body • Enzymes • Lock and Key = helps chemical reactions take place 2.Protein

7. Have a specific shape • pH or temperature can change that shape and make them not work • Lower ACTIVIATION ENERGY – the energy needed to start a reaction • The reactions would happen on their own but much more slowly • Enzymes are NOT used up • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CZD5xsOKres • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O5eMW4b29rg&feature=related Enzymes - protein

8. Scale from 0-14 • 0-6 acid (sour) • 8-14 base (slippery, bitter) • 7 neutral pH

10. Monomer = Fatty Acids • Polymer = Lipid • FUNCTION: • Store Energy • Plant seeds • Make Membranes • Phospholipidbilayer • Protective coating • Ear wax, cuticle of a leaf 3.Lipids

11. Monomer = Nucleotide • Polymer = Nucleic Acid • DNA – Deoxyribonucleic Acid • RNA – Ribonucleic Acid • FUNCTION: • Store information for making proteins 4.Nucleic Acids

12. DNA – a nucleic acid

13. Adding two monomers is a dehydration reaction • WATER FALLS OUT How Monomers become Polymers

15. Separating a large molecule is called Hydrolysis • WATER GETS PUT IN • Hydro = water • Lys = break How Polymers become Monomers

16. Vocab Words from the Book