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Ubiquitous Computing

Ubiquitous Computing. Computers everywhere. Agenda. Old future videos http://www.asktog.com/starfire/starfireHome.html http://weblog.infoworld.com/udell/2003/10/23.html Project Presentation Ubicomp New concept video http://www.nttdocomo.com/vision2010/. Part 4 Presentation.

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Ubiquitous Computing

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  1. Ubiquitous Computing Computers everywhere

  2. Agenda • Old future videos • http://www.asktog.com/starfire/starfireHome.html • http://weblog.infoworld.com/udell/2003/10/23.html • Project Presentation • Ubicomp • New concept video • http://www.nttdocomo.com/vision2010/

  3. Part 4 Presentation • 20 minutes each (including questions) • Load slides onto swiki • Motivation • Requirements • learning from users • Design • learning from prototyping • possible demo • Evaluation • Conclusions • Q&A

  4. Ubiquitous Computing (Ubicomp) • Move beyond desktop machine • Computing is embedded everywhere in the environment • A new paradigm?? • “off the desktop”, “out of the box”, pervasive, invisible, wearable, calm, anytime/anywhere/any place, …

  5. Ubicomp Notions • Computing capabilities, any time, any place • “Invisible” resources • Machines sense users’ presence and act accordingly

  6. Marc Weiser: The father of ubicomp • Chief Technologist Xerox PARC • Began Ubiquitous Computing Project in 1988 • 1991 Scientific American article got the ball rolling http://www.ubiq.com/hypertext/weiser/SciAmDraft3.html

  7. Not an interface problem? “The most profound technologies are those that disappear” • HCI: new focus on unobtrusiveness, invisibility • How do we make technology “vanish”?

  8. What makes technology disappear? • Psychological effect of learning • Distribution of technology • Physical invisibility • Location and scale • Context awareness/automated functions

  9. Ubicomp is ... • Related to: • mobile computing • wearable computing • augmented reality • In contrast with: • virtual reality (augmented virtuality)

  10. HCI Themes in Ubicomp Some of the themes: • Natural interaction • Context-aware computing • Automated capture and access • Everyday computing

  11. Natural Interaction • How do input and output change? • Different form factors, more devices • Input • Towards implicit information • Feeds context-aware computing (later) • Output • Towards distributed, peripheral and ambient displays

  12. Natural / implicit input • Integrate into human life Pen input Gesture Speech Perceptual UI Tangible UI http://tangible.media.mit.edu/

  13. Device scales • Inch • PDAs • Blackberry • Voice Recorders • smart phones

  14. Device scales • Foot • notebooks • tablets • digital paper

  15. Device scales • Yard • electronic whiteboards • plasma displays • smart bulletin boards

  16. Another take on scales • Based on ownership and location • body • desk • room • building

  17. Distributed in Environment • The Everywhere Display Project at IBM Dynamic Shader Lamps – virtual painting on real objects http://www.cs.unc.edu/~raskar/Shaderlamps/

  18. Ambient Displays • The Information Percolator • http://www-2.cs.cmu.edu/~hudson/bubbles/ • Ambient Orb • http://www.ambientdevices.com/

  19. Peripheral Displays Kimura Digital Family Portrait

  20. What is Context? • Any information that can be used to characterize the situation of an entity • Who, what, where, when • Why is it important? • information, usually implicit, that applications do not have access to • It’s input that you don’t get in a GUI

  21. Example: Location services • Outdoor • Global Positioning Satellites (GPS) • wireless/cellular networks • Indoor • active badges, electronic tags • vision • motion detectors, keyboard activity

  22. How to Use Context • To present relevant information to someone • Mobile tour guide • To perform an action automatically • Print to nearest printer • To show an action that use can choose • Want to phone the number in this email?

  23. Automated capture and access • Use of computers to preserve records of the live experience for future use (Abowd & Mynatt 2000) • Points of consideration: • capture needs to be natural • user access is important • details of an experience is recorded as streams of information

  24. Capture & access applications • Compelling applications • Design records • Elephant box • Everyday communication • Annotations • Fusion, indexing, summarization

  25. Example: Personal Audio Loop

  26. Designing for Everyday Activities • No clear beginning or end • Closure vs. flexibility and simplicity • Interruption is expected • Design for resumption • Concurrent activities • Monitoring for opportunity • Time is important discriminator • Interpret events • Associative models needed • Reacquire information from multiple pts of view

  27. Challenge of Evaluation • Bleeding edge technology • Novelty • Unanticipated uses • Quantitative metrics • Variety of social implications/issues

  28. Social issues • Privacy – who has access to data? • How do we make users aware of what technology is present? • Differing perspectives and opinions • Jane likes that the environment is aware she is present, but John doesn’t…

  29. Conclusions • Just scratched the surface • Scale … hard to imagine • Real life interaction … noisy, erroneous • Continuous interaction … time sensitive • Evaluation

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